Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34854985›Full record

ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2023

Adolescent depression beyond DSM definition: a network analysis.

Pedro H Manfro, Rivka B Pereira, Martha Rosa, Hugo Cogo-Moreira, Helen L Fisher, Brandon A Kohrt, Valeria Mondelli, Christian Kieling

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  14. First-person pronouns as linguistic markers of depression among Brazilian youths.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2025
    Article
  15. Dealing with overwhelming life situations - young people's experiences of becoming depressed.Scandinavian journal of child and adolescent psychiatry and psychology · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Pedro H ManfroDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 400N, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-903, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0950-6844
Rivka B PereiraDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 400N, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-903, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0472-9398
Martha RosaDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 400N, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-903, Brazil.
Hugo Cogo-MoreiraFaculty of Teacher Education and Languages, Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9411-9237
Helen L FisherSocial, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. helen.2.fisher@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-2126
Brandon A KohrtDivision of Global Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-4820
Valeria MondelliDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8690-6839
Christian KielingDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 400N, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-903, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7691-4149

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_MR/R019460/1MQ: Transforming Mental Health MQBF/1 IDEA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Calls for refining the understanding of depression beyond diagnostic criteria have been growing in recent years. We examined the prevalence and relevance of DSM and non-DSM depressive symptoms in two Brazilian school-based adolescent samples with two commonly used scales, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-A) and the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ). We analyzed cross-sectional data from two similarly recruited samples of adolescents aged 14-16 years, as part of the Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence (IDEA) study in Brazil. We assessed dimensional depressive symptomatology using the PHQ-A in the first sample (n = 7720) and the MFQ in the second sample (n = 1070). We conducted network analyses to study symptom structure and centrality estimates of the two scales. Additionally, we compared centrality of items included (e.g., low mood, anhedonia) and not included in the DSM (e.g., low self-esteem, loneliness) in the MFQ. Sad mood and worthlessness items were the most central items in the network structure of the PHQ-A. In the MFQ sample, self-hatred and loneliness, two non-DSM features, were the most central items and DSM and non-DSM items in this scale formed a highly interconnected network of symptoms. Furthermore, analysis of the MFQ sample revealed DSM items not to be more frequent, severe or interconnected than non-DSM items, but rather part of a larger network of symptoms. A focus on symptoms might advance research on adolescent depression by enhancing our understanding of the disorder.

Indexed as

AnhedoniaDepressionAdolescentBrazilCross-Sectional StudiesHumansAdolescenceDepressive symptomsDiagnostic and statistical manual of mental disordersPatient outcome assessmentPsychometrics

Identifiers

PMID34854985
PMCPMC10147766

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.