ArticleACS sensors2021
Gravity-Driven Microfluidic Siphons: Fluidic Characterization and Application to Quantitative Immunoassays.
Article in ACS sensors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- A pump-free microfluidic device for integrated multi-functional testing of tumor spheroids.APL bioengineering · 2026Article
- Advances and applications of organ-on-a-chip technology.Cell reports methods · 2026Review
- Automated, Deep Learning-Enabled Immunoassay Microfluidic Cartridge for Viral Pathogen Detection.Advanced materials technologies · 2025Article
- Siphon-based multichannel acoustofluidic separator for rapid and multiplexed biomolecule detection.Device · 2025Article
- Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests performed by self-diluting microfluidic chips for drug resistance studies and point-of-care diagnostics.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2025Article
- Pump-Free Microfluidics for Cell Concentration Analysis on Smartphones in Clinical Settings (SmartFlow): Design, Development, and Evaluation.JMIR biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Open and closed microfluidics for biosensing.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Advancements in Cortisol Detection: From Conventional Methods to Next-Generation Technologies for Enhanced Hormone Monitoring.ACS sensors · 2024Review
- Smartphone-based point-of-care testing of the SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review.Scientific African · 2023Article
- Dilution Reduces Sample Matrix Effects for Rapid, Direct, and Miniaturised Phenotypic Antibiotic Susceptibility Tests for Bovine Mastitis.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Merging microfluidics with luminescence immunoassays for urgent point-of-care diagnostics of COVID-19.Trends in analytical chemistry : TRAC · 2022Review
- Review
- Smartphone multiplex microcapillary diagnostics using Cygnus: Development and evaluation of rapid serotype-specific NS1 detection with dengue patient samples.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Recent progress of microfluidic chips in immunoassay.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
A range of biosensing techniques including immunoassays are routinely used for quantitation of analytes in biological samples and available in a range of formats, from centralized lab testing (e.g., microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)) to automated point-of-care (POC) and lateral flow immunochromatographic tests. High analytical performance is intrinsically linked to the use of a sequence of reagent and washing steps, yet this is extremely challenging to deliver at the POC without a high level of fluidic control involving, e.g., automation, fluidic pumping, or manual fluid handling/pipetting. Here we introduce a microfluidic siphon concept that conceptualizes a multistep ″dipstick″ for quantitative, enzymatically amplified immunoassays using a strip of microporous or microbored material. We demonstrated that gravity-driven siphon flow can be realized in single-bore glass capillaries, a multibored microcapillary film, and a glass fiber porous membrane. In contrast to other POC devices proposed to date, the operation of the siphon is only dependent on the hydrostatic liquid pressure (gravity) and not capillary forces, and the unique stepwise approach to the delivery of the sample and immunoassay reagents results in zero dead volume in the device, no reagent overlap or carryover, and full start/stop fluid control. We demonstrated applications of a 10-bore microfluidic siphon as a portable ELISA system without compromised quantitative capabilities in two global diagnostic applications: (1) a four-plex sandwich ELISA for rapid smartphone dengue serotype identification by serotype-specific dengue virus NS1 antigen detection, relevant for acute dengue fever diagnosis, and (2) quantitation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM titers in spiked serum samples. Diagnostic siphons provide the opportunity for high-performance immunoassay testing outside sophisticated laboratories, meeting the rapidly changing global clinical and public health needs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.