Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34854478›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2022

Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination delivery in older Hispanic populations in the United States.

John Heintzman, Jun Hwang, Ana R Quiñones, Cirila Estela Vasquez Guzman, Steffani R Bailey, Jennifer Lucas, Sophia Giebultowicz, Brian Chan, Miguel Marino

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Observational
  5. Lung Cancer Screening by Nativity Among Latino Community Health Center Patients.Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM · 2025
    Article
  6. Primary Care, Health Services, and the Latino Mortality Paradox.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

John HeintzmanDepartment of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA.
Jun HwangDepartment of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA.
Ana R QuiñonesDepartment of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA.
Cirila Estela Vasquez GuzmanDepartment of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA.
Steffani R BaileyDepartment of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA.
Jennifer LucasDepartment of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA.
Sophia GiebultowiczResearch Department, OCHIN, Inc, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Brian ChanResearch Department, OCHIN, Inc, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Miguel MarinoDepartment of Family Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA.
Oregon Health & Science University · USOregon Health and Science University Hospital · USOchin · US

Funding

PAST-DUE (Prevention and Social Determinants: Disparities and Utilization in Latino Elders)R01AG056337 · NIA · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI HEINTZMAN, JOHN · 2018 to 2022
$2.3M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG056337NIA NIH HHS R01AG056337Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute RI-CRN-2020-001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionNational reports suggest that Hispanic patients may underutilize influenza and pneumococcal vaccination, although studies sometimes conflict on this point. A clearer picture of adult immunization utilization in older Hispanic patients is necessary to ensure equity in adult vaccinations.

methodsUsing electronic health records from 648 community health centers (CHCs) across 21 states, we compared English-preferring Hispanic patients, Spanish-preferring Hispanic patients, and Non-Hispanic White (NHW) adults aged ≥50 years across five outcomes between 2012-2017: (1) Odds of ever receiving pneumococcal vaccination after age 65, (2) Odds of ever receiving ≥2 pneumococcal vaccinations for those ≥65, (3) odds of vaccination between the ages of 50 and 64 for those with diabetes or heart disease, (4) odds of influenza vaccine, and (5) annual rate of influenza vaccination.

resultsOf our total study sample (N = 143,869), 85,562 were age 50-64 during the entire study period, and 65,977 were ≥65 at some point during the study period. In patients aged 50-64, Spanish-preferring Hispanic patients were more likely to have ever had an influenza vaccination (covariate-adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.29-1.37), had higher rates of annual influenza vaccination (covariate-adjusted rate ratio [aRR] = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.38-1.44), and higher odds of pneumococcal vaccination (aOR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.76-1.98) than NHW patients. These findings were similar in Spanish-preferring Hispanic patients ≥65. English-preferring Hispanics ≥65 were less likely than NHW patients to ever have an influenza vaccination (aOR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.85-0.98) and to have ever received at least one (aOR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86-0.99) or two (aOR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.77-0.95) pneumococcal vaccine doses.

conclusionsIn a multistate CHC network, Spanish-preferring Hispanic patients were more likely to receive influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations than NHW patients; older English-preferring Hispanic patients were often less likely than NHW patients to receive these vaccinations. In vaccine initiatives, English-preferring Hispanic patients may be at higher risk of vaccination inequity.

Indexed as

Influenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesAgedHispanic or LatinoHumansPneumococcal VaccinesUnited StatesVaccinationInfluenza VaccinesPneumococcal Vaccineselectronic health recordsHispanic influenza vaccinationpneumococcal vaccination

Identifiers

PMID34854478
PMCPMC9904430
OpenAlexW3215073007

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.