Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34854015›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology reports2022

Prevalence of resistance genes to biocides in antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.

Malek Namaki, Shahram Habibzadeh, Hamid Vaez, Mohsen Arzanlou, Somayeh Safarirad, Seyed Ali Bazghandi, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Farzad Khademi

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biology reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Characterisation of a NovelPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  2. Prevalence ofIranian journal of microbiology · 2025
    Article
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  16. Frontiers in microbiology · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Malek NamakiDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Shahram HabibzadehDepartment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Hamid VaezDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
Mohsen ArzanlouDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Somayeh SafariradDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Seyed Ali BazghandiDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Amirhossein SahebkarApplied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Farzad KhademiDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran. k_farzad@yahoo.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6181-4903
Ardabil University of Medical Sciences · IRMashhad University of Medical Sciences · IRZabol University of Medical Sciences · IR

Funding

Ardabil University of Medical Sciences 1005761
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBiocides are frequently used as preservative, disinfectant and sterilizer against many microorganisms in hospitals, industry and home. However, the reduced susceptibility rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) strains to biocides is increasing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of four frequently used biocides against P. aeruginosa and to determine the prevalence of genes involved in biocide resistance.

methodsA total of 76 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa strains were used in the present study. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of four biocides, i.e. chlorhexidine digluconate, benzalkonium chloride, triclosan and formaldehyde, against P. aeruginosa strains were determined using agar dilution method. In addition, the prevalence of biocide resistance genes was determined using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.

resultsIn the present study, the highest MIC

conclusionOur results revealed that chlorhexidine digluconate is the most effective biocide against P. aeruginosa isolates in Ardabil hospitals. However, we recommend continuous monitoring of the antimicrobial activity of biocides and the prevalence of biocide-associated resistance genes for a better prevention of microorganism dissemination and infection control in hospitals.

Indexed as

DisinfectantsPseudomonas aeruginosaAnti-Bacterial AgentsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPrevalenceAnti-Bacterial AgentsDisinfectantsBenzalkonium chlorideChlorhexidine digluconateFormaldehydePseudomonas aeruginosaResistanceTriclosan

Identifiers

PMID34854015
OpenAlexW3198984542

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.