ArticleMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids2021
Inhibition of microRNA-494-3p activates Wnt signaling and reduces proinflammatory macrophage polarization in atherosclerosis.
Article in Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Macrophages in Cardiac Remodeling: Cues From Zebrafish Heart.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Pooled it
- Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles reduce glycolysis and polarize macrophages toward M2 phenotype in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury via the miR-574-5p/GLUT1 axis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Macrophage microRNAs integrating lipid metabolism and inflammation: Implications for atherosclerosis.Metabolism open · 2026Review
- Supplemental exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics synergistically amplifies calcium oxalate crystal-induced injury to renal tubular epithelium, accelerating the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2026Article
- Vitamin D Reprograms Non-Coding RNA Networks to Block Zika Virus in Human Macrophages.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026Article
- Nanotechnology for atherosclerotic plaque stabilisation: bridging innovation and clinical practice.EBioMedicine · 2026Review
- The silent dialogue between cells: regulatory roles of non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Effects of probiotics on blood lipids, glucose and pressure in patients with coronary heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- The immunometabolic axis of sepsis-related myocardial injury: macrophage reprogramming as a central mechanism and therapeutic target.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Oligonucleotide-Based Modulation of Macrophage Polarization: Emerging Strategies in Immunotherapy.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- PCSK9i promoting the transformation of AS plaques into a stable plaque by targeting the miR-186-5p/Wipf2 and miR-375-3p/Pdk1/Yap1 in ApoE-/- mice.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- APC and ZBTB2 May Mediate M2 Macrophage Infiltration to Promote the Development of Renal Fibrosis: A Bioinformatics Analysis.BioMed research international · 2024Article
- Par3L, a polarity protein, promotes M1 macrophage polarization and aggravates atherosclerosis in mice via p65 and ERK activation.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2024Article
- Macrophage states: there's a method in the madness.Trends in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Article
- The potential role and mechanism of circRNA/miRNA axis in cholesterol synthesis.International journal of biological sciences · 2023Review
- Macrophage polarization states in atherosclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- N-6-Methyladenosine in Vasoactive microRNAs during Hypoxia; A Novel Role for METTL4.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We have previously shown that treatment with third-generation antisense oligonucleotides against miR-494-3p (3GA-494) reduces atherosclerotic plaque progression and stabilizes lesions, both in early and established plaques, with reduced macrophage content in established plaques. Within the plaque, different subtypes of macrophages are present. Here, we aimed to investigate whether miR-494-3p directly influences macrophage polarization and activation. Human macrophages were polarized into either proinflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages and simultaneously treated with 3GA-494 or a control antisense (3GA-ctrl). We show that 3GA-494 treatment inhibited miR-494-3p in M1 macrophages and dampened M1 polarization, while in M2 macrophages miR-494-3p expression was induced and M2 polarization enhanced. The proinflammatory marker CCR2 was reduced in 3GA-494-treated atherosclerosis-prone mice. Pathway enrichment analysis predicted an overlap between miR-494-3p target genes in macrophage polarization and Wnt signaling. We demonstrate that miR-494-3p regulates expression levels of multiple Wnt signaling components, such as LRP6 and TBL1X. Wnt signaling appears activated upon treatment with 3GA-494, both in cultured M1 macrophages and in plaques of hypercholesterolemic mice. Taken together, 3GA-494 treatment dampened M1 polarization, at least in part via activated Wnt signaling, while M2 polarization was enhanced, which is both favorable in reducing atherosclerotic plaque formation and increasing plaque stability.
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