ArticleOncotarget2021
The potential of PIVKA-II as a treatment response biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective United Kingdom cohort study.
Article in Oncotarget, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prediction of the efficacy of first transarterial chemoembolization for advanced hepatocellular carcinomaWorld journal of clinical cases · 2025Trial
- Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence or Antagonist II in Primary Liver Cancer: Basic Research Insights and Clinical Applications.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2025Review
- Utility of Alpha-Fetoprotein and Protein Induced by Vitamin K Absence or Antagonist-II Kinetics in Predicting Radiologic Response and Survival in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Immunotherapy.World journal of oncology · 2025Article
- CRAFITY and AFP/PIVKA-II Kinetics Predict Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma on Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2025Article
- PIVKA-II as a surrogate biomarker for therapeutic response in Non-AFP-secreting hepatocellular carcinoma.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Stereotactic radiation therapy for post-transplant systemic recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma: safety, efficacy and a nomogram predicting overall survival.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Early PIVKA-II Response Predicts Treatment Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2025Article
- Biological variation of PIVKA-II in blood serum of healthy subjects measured by automated electrochemiluminescent assay.Practical laboratory medicine · 2024Article
- The GALAD score and the BALAD-2 score correlate with transarterial and systemic treatment response and survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Preoperative assessment of microvascular invasion risk using gadoxetate-enhanced MRI for predicting outcomes after liver transplantation for single hepatocellular carcinoma within the Milan criteria.European radiology · 2024Article
- Updating the Clinical Application of Blood Biomarkers and Their Algorithms in the Diagnosis and Surveillance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Critical Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- PIVKA-II or AFP has better diagnostic properties for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis in high-risk patients.Journal of circulating biomarkersArticle
- Prognostic Role of Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Hepatocyte Growth Factor Post Stereotactic Body Radiation in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of clinical and experimental hepatologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence II (PIVKA-II) has recently been validated internationally as a diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as part of the GALAD model. However, its role as a treatment response biomarker has been less well explored. We, therefore, undertook a prospective study at a tertiary centre in the UK to evaluate the role of PIVKA-II as a treatment response biomarker in patients with early, intermediate and advanced stage HCC. In a cohort of 141 patients, we found that PIVKA-II levels tracked concordantly with treatment response in the majority of patients, across a range of different treatment modalities. We also found that rises in PIVKA-II levels almost always predated radiological progression. Among AFP non-secretors, PIVKA-II was found to be informative in 60% of cases. In a small cohort of patients undergoing liver transplantation, pre-transplant PIVKA-II levels predicted for microvascular invasion and poorer differentiation. Our results demonstrate the potential utility of PIVKA-II as a treatment response biomarker and in predicting microvascular invasion, in a Western population. PIVKA-II demonstrated improved performance over AFP but, as a single biomarker, its performance was still limited. Further larger prospective studies are recommended to evaluate PIVKA-II as a treatment response biomarker, within the GALAD model.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.