Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34851983›Full record

SynthesisPloS one2021

Seroprevalence and incidence of hepatitis A in Southeast Asia: A systematic review.

Gustavo Hernandez-Suarez, Debasish Saha, Kris Lodroño, Phatu Boonmahittisut, Stephanus Taniwijaya, Ashwini Saha, Selim Badur, Yong Poovorawan

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Age-stratified prevalence of anti-hepatitis A virus antibodies in four metropolitan Indian cities and recent changes in Pune city.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Hepatitis A virus endemicity and vaccine policy, India.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Gustavo Hernandez-SuarezGSK, Medical & Clinical Emerging Markets, Wavre, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-4755-0320
Debasish SahaGSK, Medical & Clinical Emerging Markets, Wavre, Belgium.
Kris LodroñoGSK, Medical Affairs Philippines, Manila, The Philippines.
Phatu BoonmahittisutGSK, Thailand Vaccines, Bangkok, Thailand.
Stephanus TaniwijayaGSK, Medical & Clinical Emerging Markets, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Ashwini SahaGSK, Vaccines Medical, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Selim BadurGSK, Medical & Clinical Emerging Markets, Istanbul, Turkey.
Yong PoovorawanCenter of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
GlaxoSmithKline (Belgium) · BEChulalongkorn University · THIndonesian Pediatric Society · ID

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA previous review on hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence in 2005 categorized Southeast Asia as a low HAV endemicity region. In 2010, the World Health Organization modified this from low to low/medium endemicity, pointing out that these estimates were based on limited evidence. Since then, there has been no attempt to review HAV epidemiology from this region. We conducted a systematic review of literature to collect information on HAV incidence and seroprevalence in select countries in the Southeast Asian region, specifically, The Association of Southeast Asian Nations over the last 20 years. METHODOLOGY: This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. From the relevant articles, we extracted data and conducted a risk of bias assessment of individual studies.

resultsThe search yielded 22 and 13 publications on HAV seroprevalence and incidence, respectively. Overall, our findings point to a very low HAV endemicity profile in Thailand and Singapore and evidence of a shift towards low HAV endemicity in Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam. Only Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, and the Philippines have existing HAV disease surveillance and reported incidence rates below 1 per 100,000. Several outbreaks with varying magnitude documented in the region provide insights into the evolving epidemiology of HAV in the region. Risk of bias assessment of studies revealed that the individual studies were of low to medium risk. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The available HAV endemicity profiles in Southeast Asian countries, aside from Thailand, are limited and outdated, but suggest an endemicity shift in the region that is not fully documented yet. These findings highlight the need to update information on HAV epidemiology through strengthening of disease surveillance mechanisms to confirm the shift in HAV endemicity in the region.

Indexed as

Hepatitis A virusAsia, SoutheasternHepatitis AHumansIncidenceSeroepidemiologic Studies

Identifiers

PMID34851983
PMCPMC8635355
OpenAlexW3215250233

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.