ArticlePloS one2021
The Polish COVID Stress Scales: Considerations of psychometric functioning, measurement invariance, and validity.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Impact of Ageism and Pain on Pandemic-Related Stress in Older Adults: A Structural Equation Modeling and Mediation Analysis.Journal of aging and health · 2026Article
- Psychometric Properties of the COVID-19 Stress Scale in College Students.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Évaluation de la structure factorielle et des qualités psychométriques de l'Échelle de Fatigue Pandémique parmi la population adulte québécoise: Evaluation of the factorial structure and psychometric qualities of the Pandemic Fatigue Scale among Quebec adult population.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2024Article
- Development and psychometric testing of the Coronavirus Awareness and Preparedness Scale: A cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Is there evidence for factorial invariance of the COVID Stress Scales? an analysis of North American and cross-cultural populations.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Anxiety Symptoms, COVID-19-Related Stress Reactions in the Italian General Population, and Validation of the Italian COVID Stress Scales (CSS-I).Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Do executive functions buffer against COVID-19 stress?: A latent variable approach.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Profiles and predictors of mental health of university students in Hong Kong under the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Psychometric properties of the traditional Chinese version of the COVID Stress Scales in Hong Kong.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- COVID-19 stress syndrome in the German general population: Validation of a German version of the COVID Stress Scales.PloS one · 2023Article
- Psychometric functioning, measurement invariance, and external associations of the Relationship Assessment Scale in a sample of Polish Adults.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Validation and psychometric properties of the Italian Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX-I) scale.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The COVID Stress Scales (CSS) were developed to measure stress in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. To further investigate the psychometric properties of the CSS, we used data collected in Poland across two waves of assessment (N = 556 at T1 and N = 264 at T2) to evaluate the factor structure, reliability (at the item and scale level), measurement invariance (across the Polish and Dutch translations of the CSS, and time), over time stability, and external associations of the Polish-language version of the CSS (CSS-PL). Overall, results suggest that the CSS-PL is psychometrically robust, largely invariant across the countries and time-lags considered. The CSS-PL was also positively related to other measures of COVID-19 fear, health anxiety, obsessive compulsive symptoms, anxiety, depression, and intent to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. This study thus provides considerable information about the CSS's items and scales, and lays the foundation for future investigations into COVID stress across time and different populations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.