ArticleScience advances2021
Biomaterials direct functional B cell response in a material-specific manner.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immune-epigenetic convergence in biomaterial-guided tissue regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Stromal cell-mediated tuning of the extracellular matrix for immune tissue engineering.Current opinion in biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Systemic humoral activation facilitates tissue regeneration by D-chiral biomaterial scaffolds.Cell biomaterials · 2026Article
- Infusible Extracellular Matrix Biomaterial Enhances Cell-Specific Pro-Repair Responses Following Acute Myocardial Infarction.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Nanoadjuvant-integrated organic biomaterials for immune engineering: Mechanisms, design strategies, and translational applications.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Recent advances in immunoregulatory biomaterials for tendon healing: From immune remodeling to functional regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Distinct Immunomodulatory Strategies Guide Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell-Mediated Bone Regeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Bioprinting of Microtissues Within Mechanically Tunable Support Baths to Engineer Anisotropic Musculoskeletal Tissues.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Acellular Adipose Tissue promotes anti-fibrotic remodeling in Phase II Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Targeting delayed healing tissues: immune reprogramming of adaptive immune cells by biomaterials.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Review
- Regional and cell specific bioactivity of injectable extracellular matrix biomaterials in myocardial infarction.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Infusible Extracellular Matrix Biomaterial Enhances Cell-Specific Pro-Repair Responses Following Acute Myocardial Infarction.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Crosstalk between T cells and fibroblasts in biomaterial-mediated fibrosis.Matrix biology plus · 2025Review
- Murine gut microbiota dysbiosis via enteric infection modulates the foreign body response to a distal biomaterial implant.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Bioprinted platform for parallelized screening of engineered microtissues in vivo.Cell stem cell · 2025Article
- Biomaterial-Based Regenerative Strategies for Volumetric Muscle Loss: Challenges and Solutions.Advances in wound care · 2025Review
- Advanced Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Therapeutic Applications.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Immunomodulatory biomaterials for vascularized and innervated skeletal muscle repair.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Adaptive immunity of materials: Implications for tissue healing and regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2024Review
- Immunometabolic cues recompose and reprogram the microenvironment around implanted biomaterials.Nature biomedical engineering · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
B cells are an adaptive immune target of biomaterials development in vaccine research but, despite their role in wound healing, have not been extensively studied in regenerative medicine. To probe the role of B cells in biomaterial scaffold response, we evaluated the B cell response to biomaterial materials implanted in a muscle wound using a biological extracellular matrix (ECM), as a reference for a naturally derived material, and synthetic polyester polycaprolactone (PCL), as a reference for a synthetic material. In the local muscle tissue, small numbers of B cells are present in response to tissue injury and biomaterial implantation. The ECM materials induced mature B cells in lymph nodes and antigen presentation in the spleen. The synthetic PCL implants resulted in prolonged B cell presence in the wound and induced an antigen-presenting phenotype. In summary, the adaptive B cell immune response to biomaterial induces local, regional, and systemic immunological changes.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.