ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2022
Autochthonous West Nile virus infection in Germany: Increasing numbers and a rare encephalitis case in a kidney transplant recipient.
Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Endemic progression of autochthonous West Nile virus infections in Europe.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2026Review
- Fine-scale heterogeneity and local amplification of West Nile virus in urban environments in Berlin.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A blood safety perspective on emerging arboviral infections in the United Kingdom.Transfusion medicine (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Genomic surveillance indicates high site-specific heterogeneity of West Nile virus in mosquitoes in rural regions of Germany across seasons.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Genomics in Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance: An Exploratory Analysis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for the Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Varicella-Zoster Virus in Cerebrospinal Fluid.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Molecular Xenomonitoring (MX) allows real-time surveillance of West Nile and Usutu virus in mosquito populations.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- A Scoping Review of Arthropod-Borne Flavivirus Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society · 2024Article
- Spatiotemporally Explicit Epidemic Model for West Nile Virus Outbreak in Germany: An Inversely Calibrated Approach.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Article
- Genomic epidemiology of West Nile virus in Europe.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Review
- Ecological and clinical evidence of the establishment of West Nile virus in a large urban area in Europe, Berlin, Germany, 2021 to 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- Whole genome sequencing reveals insights into hepatitis E virus genome diversity, and virus compartmentalization in chronic hepatitis E.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2023Article
- Belgian Culex pipiens pipiens are competent vectors for West Nile virus while Culex modestus are competent vectors for Usutu virus.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Arbovirus persistence in North-Western Europe: Are mosquitoes the only overwintering pathway?One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- An advanced sequence clustering and designation workflow reveals the enzootic maintenance of a dominant West Nile virus subclade in Germany.Virus evolution · 2023Article
- West Nile Virus in Germany: An Emerging Infection and Its Relevance for Transfusion Safety.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
West Nile Virus (WNV) infections are increasingly detected in birds and horses in central Europe, with the first mosquito-borne autochthonous human infection detected in Germany in 2019. Human infections are typically asymptomatic, with occasional severe neurological disease. Because of a low number of cases in central Europe, awareness regarding potential cases is low and WNV diagnostic testing is not routine. We tested cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from unsolved encephalitis and meningitis cases from Berlin from 2019 to 2020, and describe a WNV-encephalitis case in a 33-year-old kidney transplant recipient. The infectious course was resolved by serology, RT-PCR and sequencing of stored samples. Phylogenetic sequence analysis revealed a close relationship of the patient's WNV strain to German sequences from 2019 and 2020. A lack of travel history and patient self-isolation during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic suggest the infection was acquired in the patient's home or garden. Serological tests of four people sharing the living space were negative. Retrospective RT-PCR and WNV-IgM testing of 671 CSF samples from unsolved encephalitis and meningitis cases from Berlin detected no additional infections. The recent increase of WNV cases illustrates the importance of considering WNV in cases of meningoencephalitis, especially in immunocompromised patients, as described here. Proper education and communication and a revised diagnostic strategy will help to raise awareness and to detect future WNV infections.
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