Trial reportBMC public health2021
Mental health outcomes of a pilot 2-arm randomized controlled trial of a HIV-prevention program for South African adolescent girls and young women and their female caregivers.
Trial report in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04758390 (Multilevel Comprehensive HIV Prevention Package for South African Adolescent Girls and Young Women), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Multilevel Comprehensive HIV Prevention Package for South African Adolescent Girls and Young Women
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Using the Framework for Reporting Adaptation and Modifications-Expanded (FRAME) to Adapt an Evidence-Based HIV-Prevention Intervention for Zambian Adolescent Girls and Young Women.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Development of a Family-Based Prevention Model for Adolescent Mental Health Problems: A Socio-Ecological Approach in the Indonesian Context.Psychology research and behavior management · 2026Article
- Profiling the plight of adolescent girls and young women: risks and pathways for intervention in rural Uganda.BMC public health · 2025Article
- A hybrid effectiveness implementation trial testing an HIV and STI prevention program for mother figures and their adolescent girls and young women delivered by peer leaders: ZAIMARA study protocol.BMC public health · 2025Article
- A Scoping Review of Family-Based Prevention Strategies in Adolescent Mental Health.Psychology research and behavior management · 2025Review
- Article
- Depression and HIV Care-seeking Behaviors in a Population-based Sample in North West Province, South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Promotive and preventive interventions for adolescent mental health in Sub-Saharan Africa: a combined scoping and systematic review.BMJ public health · 2023Article
- Integrating Adolescent Mental Health into HIV Prevention and Treatment Programs: Can Implementation Science Pave the Path Forward?AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Preliminary effectiveness and implementation outcomes of the IMARA-South Africa sexual health intervention on adolescent girls and young women: A pilot randomized trial.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Child maltreatment mediates the relationship between HIV/AIDS family dysfunction trajectories and psychosocial problems among adolescents.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSouth African adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) report significant mental distress and sexual and reproductive health concerns. Mental health problems and trauma symptoms are consistently associated with sexual and reproductive health behavior. Despite their intersection, few interventions address them simultaneously or engage female caregivers (FC) as collaborators. This study presents findings from a pilot test of an empirically supported culturally adapted family-based HIV-prevention program, Informed Motivated Aware and Responsible Adolescents and Adults- South Africa (IMARA-SA), on AGYW anxiety, depression, and trauma.
methodsSixty 15-19-year-old AGYW (mean age = 17.1 years) and their FC from outside Cape Town were randomized to IMARA-SA or a health promotion control program. AGYW reported their anxiety using the GAD-7, depression using the PHQ-9, and trauma using the PC-PTSD-5 at baseline and follow-up (6-10 months post). Both interventions were delivered by Xhosa-speaking Black South African women in groups over 2 days for approximately 10 h. We examined intervention effects using zero-inflated negative binomial regression for anxiety, multinomial logistic regression for depression, and logistic regression for trauma.
resultsAt baseline, groups did not differ in demographic characteristics but AGYW randomized to IMARA-SA had higher depression scores than controls (p = 0.04) and a greater proportion screened positive for PTSD (p = .07). Controlling for baseline mental health scores, AGYW who received IMARA-SA compared to controls had significantly fewer anxiety symptoms at follow-up (adjusted incidence rate ratio for count model = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.29-0.99, p = 0.05), were less likely to report at least one depressive symptom relative to no symptoms (relative risk ratio = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.95, p = 0.04), and were less likely to report symptoms of PTSD relative to no symptoms, but this difference was not statistically significant.
conclusionsMental health is implicated in risky sexual behavior, and reducing emotional distress can mitigate exposure to poor sexual and reproductive health outcomes. This pilot study yielded promising findings for the mental health impact of IMARA-SA, justifying replication in a larger randomized trial.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Number NCT04758390 , accepted 17/02/2021.
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