ArticleJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2021
The evolution of two distinct strategies of moth flight.
Article in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dipteran flight diversity is shaped by aerodynamic constraints, scaling, and evolutionary trade-offs.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Neuroethology on the move with butterflies and moths.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2026Article
- Body oscillations couple with wing flapping to reduce aerodynamic power in wild silk moth flight.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025Article
- Article
- Olfactory sampling volume for pheromone capture by wing fanning of silkworm moth: a simulation-based study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Flexural rigidity of hawkmoth antennae depends on the bending direction.Acta biomaterialia · 2024Article
- Moth resonant mechanics are tuned to wingbeat frequency and energetic demands.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Intraspecific Variation in the Placement of Campaniform Sensilla on the Wings of the HawkmothIntegrative organismal biology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Structural damping renders the hawkmoth exoskeleton mechanically insensitive to non-sinusoidal deformations.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2023Article
- Testing bird-driven diurnal trade-offs of the moon moth's anti-bat tail.Biology letters · 2023Article
- The evolution of two distinct strategies of moth flight.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Across insects, wing shape and size have undergone dramatic divergence even in closely related sister groups. However, we do not know how morphology changes in tandem with kinematics to support body weight within available power and how the specific force production patterns are linked to differences in behaviour. Hawkmoths and wild silkmoths are diverse sister families with divergent wing morphology. Using three-dimensional kinematics and quasi-steady aerodynamic modelling, we compare the aerodynamics and the contributions of wing shape, size and kinematics in 10 moth species. We find that wing movement also diverges between the clades and underlies two distinct strategies for flight. Hawkmoths use wing kinematics, especially high frequencies, to enhance force and wing morphologies that reduce power. Silkmoths use wing morphology to enhance force, and slow, high-amplitude wingstrokes to reduce power. Both strategies converge on similar aerodynamic power and can support similar body weight ranges. However, inter-clade within-wingstroke force profiles are quite different and linked to the hovering flight of hawkmoths and the bobbing flight of silkmoths. These two moth groups fly more like other, distantly related insects than they do each other, demonstrating the diversity of flapping flight evolution and a rich bioinspired design space for robotic flappers.
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