Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34847555›Full record

ArticleNeuroimmunomodulation2022

Clinical Heterogeneity in Acute Symptomatic Seizures due to Autoimmune Encephalitis Related to GAD65 Antibodies.

Xuemei Fan, Xinxin Li, Shuai Wang, Yafei Zhu, Songyan Liu, Xuemei Han

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neuroimmunomodulation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact, top 77% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Autoimmune encephalitis-associated epilepsy.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Xuemei FanDepartment of Neurology, China - Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Xinxin LiDepartment of Neurology, China - Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Shuai WangDepartment of Gastroenterology, China - Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Yafei ZhuDepartment of Neurology, China - Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Songyan LiuDepartment of Neurology, China - Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Xuemei HanDepartment of Neurology, China - Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Jilin University · CNUnion Hospital · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThis study aimed to explore the diversity and clinical features of acute symptomatic seizures due to autoimmune encephalitis related to anti-glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) 65 antibodies.

methodsClinical data of a series of 6 patients positive for anti-GAD65 antibodies were retrospectively analyzed.

resultsFive of the patients were male and 1 was a female, with a median age of 44.1 years (range 18-70 years). Seizure forms were varied in 6 patients when they were admitted to the hospital: 3 cases of seizures only and 3 accompanied by other symptoms, such as mental disorder, cognitive impairment, cerebellar ataxia, and ocular movement disorder. Three patients (50%) had coexisting systemic autoimmune diseases, including diabetes mellitus, vitiligo, and hyperthyroidism. Five patients (83%) had abnormal brain MRI findings. They were all treated by immunotherapy, 5 of 6 patients improved significantly but relapsed after withdrawing methylprednisolone, and 1 patient got deteriorated. None of them were diagnosed with tumors.

conclusionsClinical features of acute symptomatic seizures related to GAD65 antibodies are diverse, and early and continuous immunotherapy is necessary for patients.

Indexed as

AutoantibodiesEncephalitisAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleHashimoto DiseaseHumansImmunologic FactorsMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSeizuresYoung AdultAutoantibodiesImmunologic FactorsAcute symptomatic seizuresAutoimmune encephalitisGlutamate decarboxylase 65 antibody

Identifiers

PMID34847555
PMCPMC9254310
OpenAlexW3217262840

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.