ArticleJournal of nephrology2022
Effects of hydroxychloroquine on proteinuria in membranous nephropathy.
Article in Journal of nephrology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of hydroxychloroquine in primary glomerular disease - a systematic review and meta-analysis of the current evidence.BMC nephrology · 2025Pooled it
- Targeting autophagy in autoimmune glomerular diseases.Journal of nephrology · 2025Review
- Pilot Trial of Hydroxychloroquine as Add-On Therapy in Patients With Membranous Nephropathy.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Hydroxychloroquine in nephrology: current status and future directions.Journal of nephrology · 2023Review
- Primary membranous nephropathy: an endless story.Journal of nephrology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany patients with primary membranous nephropathy have severe proteinuria unresponsive to optimized renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi). We evaluated the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine as an adjunctive agent in membranous nephropathy (MN) treatments.
methodsWe prospectively recruited 126 patients with biopsy-proven primary membranous nephropathy and urinary protein 1-8 g/day while receiving optimized RAASi treatment for ≥ 3 months and well-controlled blood pressure. Forty-three patients received hydroxychloroquine and RAASi (hydroxychloroquine-RAASi group), and 83 patients received RAASi alone (RAASi group). Treatment responses, including proteinuria reduction, complete and partial remission rates, and autoantibody against phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R) levels, were compared between the two groups at 6 months and over the long term.
resultsAt 6 months, the effective response rate (proteinuria reduction > 30%) (57.5% vs. 28.9%, P = 0.002), clinical remission rate (35.0% vs. 15.7%, P = 0.015), and percentage change in proteinuria (- 51.7% vs. - 21.9%, P < 0.001) were higher, and the rate of switching to immunosuppressants (25.0% vs. 45.8%, P = 0.027) was lower in the hydroxychloroquine-RAASi group than in the RAASi group. Hydroxychloroquine administration was an independent protective factor with an effective response (OR 0.37, P = 0.021). In the long term, the clinical remission rate was higher in the HCQ-RAASi group (62.5% vs. 38.6%, P = 0.013). Hydroxychloroquine therapy was associated with a higher rate of anti-PLA2R reduction (< 20 U/ml) (HR 0.28, P = 0.031). We observed no serious adverse events associated with hydroxychloroquine.
conclusionsHydroxychloroquine could be an option for patients with membranous nephropathy seeking to achieve proteinuria reduction and anti-PLA2R antibody reduction in addition to optimized RAASi. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.
trial registrationChiCTR2100045947, 20210430, retrospectively registered.
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