ArticleBMJ open2021
SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus coinfection among patients with severe acute respiratory infection during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: a hospital-based descriptive study.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of the Markers of Severity in Acute Respiratory Infections to Inform Primary Care Surveillance.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review of the clinical characteristics of influenza-COVID-19 co-infection.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The role of respiratory co-infection with influenza or respiratory syncytial virus in the clinical severity of COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2022Pooled it
- Causes and Contributing Factors of In-Hospital and Post-Discharge Mortality Among Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Infection in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Clinical and genomic characterization of Influenza A co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza B: a respiratory surveillance study in Assam, India.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Human Metapneumovirus: A Neglected Contributor to Acute Respiratory Infections in Bangladesh: A Public Health Perspective.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Post-discharge mortality among SARS-CoV-2-infected adult patients with severe acute respiratory infection in Bangladesh (2020-2023): burden, clinical characteristics, and associated risk factors.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- COVID-19 vaccination and mortality among coronary care patients with severe acute respiratory infection in Bangladesh: a prospective study (2021-2024).The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- A study to detect Influenza A and B subtypes and coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 among Severe Acute Respiratory Illness patients from Central India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Incidence of common respiratory pathogens among patients with severe acute respiratory infection during COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Characterizing deaths among adult patients with severe acute respiratory infection: during the pre- and COVID-19 pandemic periods in Bangladesh, 2018-2022.Tropical medicine and health · 2023Article
- The impact of COVID-19 and COVID vaccination on cardiovascular outcomes.European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Pan-India influenza-like illness (ILI) and Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) surveillance: epidemiological, clinical and genomic analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Leveraging International Influenza Surveillance Systems and Programs during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Review
- Co-existence and co-infection of influenza A viruses and coronaviruses: Public health challenges.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2022Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the proportion of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus coinfection among severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) cases-patients during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh.
designDescriptive study.
settingNine tertiary level hospitals across Bangladesh.
participantsPatients admitted as SARI (defined as cases with subjective or measured fever of ≥38 C° and cough with onset within the last 10 days and requiring hospital admission) case-patients. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Proportion of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus coinfection and proportion of mortality among SARI case-patients.
resultsWe enrolled 1986 SARI case-patients with a median age: 28 years (IQR: 1.2-53 years), and 67.6% were male. Among them, 285 (14.3%) were infected with SARS-CoV-2; 175 (8.8%) were infected with the influenza virus, and five (0.3%) were coinfected with both viruses. There was a non-appearance of influenza during the usual peak season (May to July) in Bangladesh. SARS-CoV-2 infection was significantly more associated with diabetes (14.0% vs 5.9%, p<0.001) and hypertension (26.7% vs 11.5%, p<0.001). But influenza among SARI case-patients was significantly less associated with diabetes (4.0% vs 7.4%, p=0.047) and hypertension (5.7% vs 14.4%, p=0.001). The proportion of in-hospital deaths among SARS-CoV-2 infected SARI case-patients were higher (10.9% (n=31) vs 4.4% (n=75), p<0.001) than those without SARS-CoV-2 infection; the proportion of postdischarge deaths within 30 days was also higher (9.1% (n=25) vs 4.6% (n=74), p=0.001) among SARS-CoV-2 infected SARI case-patients than those without infection. No in-hospital mortality or postdischarge mortality was registered among the five coinfected SARI case-patients.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus was not very common and had less disease severity considering mortality in Bangladesh. There was no circulating influenza virus during the influenza peak season during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Future studies are warranted for further exploration.
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