ArticleBMC medicine2021
Nutritional risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection: a prospective study within the NutriNet-Santé cohort.
Article in BMC medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of vitamin C in COVID-19 management: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of bovine dairy products and their components on the incidence and natural history of infection: a systematic literature review.Nutrition journal · 2024Pooled it
- Diet Quality and Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection or COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Pooled it
- Gut distress and interventionFrontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Prevention of covid-19 and other acute respiratory infections with cod liver oil supplementation, a low dose vitamin D supplement: quadruple blinded, randomised placebo controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Trial
- Folic Acid and Endothelial Dysfunction in COVID-19.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Observational
- The magnitude and cross reactivity of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody responses in Sri Lankan children and association with the nutritional status.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, and risk of COVID-19: a prospective cohort study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- Unhealthy Food Consumption Is Associated with Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 in Brazilian Elderly People.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
- The Impact of Diet Quality on COVID-19 Severity and Outcomes-A Scoping Review.Current nutrition reports · 2025Article
- The association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, muscle strength, and psychological symptoms among Chinese adolescents: a multicenter cross-sectional survey.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- The association between adherence to unhealthy plant-based diet and risk of COVID-19: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Priority nutrients to address malnutrition and diet-related diseases in Australia and New Zealand.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Factors Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Evaluated by Antibody Response in a Sample of Workers from the Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Association of SARS-CoV-2 infection with physical activity domains and types.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Beyond Plants: The Ultra-Processing of Global Diets Is Harming the Health of People, Places, and Planet.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The Role of Diet and Specific Nutrients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Have We Learned over the Last Three Years?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Immunomodulatory Role of Microelements in COVID-19 Outcome: a Relationship with Nutritional Status.Biological trace element research · 2023Review
- Folic Acid and Leucovorin Have Potential to Prevent SARS-CoV-2-Virus Internalization by Interacting with S-Glycoprotein/Neuropilin-1 Receptor Complex.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNutritional factors are essential for the functioning of the immune system and could therefore play a role in COVID-19 but evidence is needed. Our objective was to study the associations between diet and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a large population-based sample.
methodsOur analyses were conducted in the French prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort study (2009-2020). Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was assessed by ELISA on dried blood spots. Dietary intakes were derived from repeated 24 h dietary records (at least 6) in the two years preceding the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in France (February 2020). Multi-adjusted logistic regression models were computed.
resultsA total of 7766 adults (70.3% women, mean age: 60.3 years) were included, among which 311 were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Dietary intakes of vitamin C (OR for 1 SD=0.86 (0.75-0.98), P=0.02), vitamin B9 (OR=0.84 (0.72-0.98), P=0.02), vitamin K (OR=0.86 (0.74-0.99), P=0.04), fibers (OR=0.84 (0.72-0.98), P=0.02), and fruit and vegetables (OR=0.85 (0.74-0.97), P=0.02) were associated to a decreased probability of SARS-CoV-2 infection while dietary intakes of calcium (OR=1.16 (1.01-1.35), P=0.04) and dairy products (OR=1.19 (1.06-1.33), P=0.002) associated to increased odds. No association was detected with other food groups or nutrients or with the overall diet quality.
conclusionsHigher dietary intakes of fruit and vegetables and, consistently, of vitamin C, folate, vitamin K and fibers were associated with a lower susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Beyond its established role in the prevention of non-communicable diseases, diet could therefore also contribute to prevent some infectious diseases such as COVID-19.
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