Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34843477›Full record

ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2021

Impacts of fungal entomopathogens on survival and immune responses of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens mosquitoes in the context of native Wolbachia infections.

Jose L Ramirez, Molly K Schumacher, Geoff Ower, Debra E Palmquist, Steven A Juliano

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. The intestinalMicrobiology spectrum · 2026
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  2. Frontiers in microbiology · 2026
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  7. Viruses · 2024
    Review
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  11. Review
  12. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jose L RamirezUSDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, Peoria, Illinois, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0001-9607-1097
Molly K SchumacherUSDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, Peoria, Illinois, United States of America.
Geoff OwerSchool of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-9770-2345
Debra E PalmquistUSDA, Agricultural Research Service, Midwest Area, Peoria, Illinois, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0003-0847-1715
Steven A JulianoSchool of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, United States of America.ORCID 0000-0002-6178-4553
Agricultural Research Service · USIllinois State University · USAgricultural Research Service - Midwest Area · US

Funding

Quantitative assessment of density dependence and compensation in container mosquitoesR15AI124005 · NIAID · ILLINOIS STATE UNIVERSITY · PI JULIANO, STEVEN A · 2016 to 2016
$435k
NIAID NIH HHS R15 AI124005
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microbial control of mosquitoes via the use of symbiotic or pathogenic microbes, such as Wolbachia and entomopathogenic fungi, are promising alternatives to synthetic insecticides to tackle the rapid increase in insecticide resistance and vector-borne disease outbreaks. This study evaluated the susceptibility and host responses of two important mosquito vectors, Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens, that naturally carry Wolbachia, to infections by entomopathogenic fungi. Our study indicated that while Wolbachia presence did not provide a protective advantage against entomopathogenic fungal infection, it nevertheless influenced the bacterial / fungal load and the expression of select anti-microbial effectors and phenoloxidase cascade genes in mosquitoes. Furthermore, although host responses from Ae. albopictus and Cx. pipiens were mostly similar, we observed contrasting phenotypes with regards to susceptibility and immune responses to fungal entomopathogenic infection in these two mosquitoes. This study provides new insights into the intricate multipartite interaction between the mosquito host, its native symbiont and pathogenic microbes that might be employed to control mosquito populations.

Indexed as

AedesAnimalsCulexFungiGene ExpressionImmunityInsecticide ResistanceInsecticidesMonophenol MonooxygenaseMosquito VectorsSymbiosisVector Borne DiseasesWolbachiaInsecticidesMonophenol Monooxygenase

Identifiers

PMID34843477
PMCPMC8670716
OpenAlexW3216924041

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC0
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.