ReviewNeurology international2021
Catatonia: Clinical Overview of the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Clinical Challenges.
Review in Neurology international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review of Symptoms of Catatonia in Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Pooled it
- The use of antipsychotics in the treatment of catatonia: a systematic review.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Pooled it
- Expanding the phenotype of NEDAMSS with a psychiatric perspective: analysis of a new case, and a systematic review of the literature.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Evidence-based consensus guidelines for the management of catatonia: Recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2023Guideline
- Narrative Review of Catatonia in Psychosis and Eating Disorders: Common Intersections and Treatment Considerations.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2026Review
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- Article
- A Rare Presentation of Severe Hypothyroidism With Catatonia and Psychosis: Myxedema Madness.Cureus · 2026Article
- Catatonia an Unexpected Side Effect of Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Case Report.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2026Article
- Clinical decision-making in relation to autoimmunity: insights from catatonia and autoimmune encephalitis.BJPsych open · 2026Article
- Case Report: When catatonia-like symptoms are not catatonia: Guillain-Barré syndrome in a patient with schizophrenia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Paliperidone-Induced Catatonia: Case Series and Review of Literature.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Lessons on catatonia with or without delirium on the consultation-liaison psychiatry service in a Lebanese tertiary care center: a retrospective chart review of 36 cases of catatonia.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Difficult to Treat Catatonia: A Case Series.Indian journal of psychological medicine · 2025Article
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- Catatonia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.NeuroSci · 2025Review
- Association between Dravet syndrome and Catatonia: a case report.Epilepsy & behavior reports · 2025Article
- Catatonia in a Possible Case of Moderate Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2025Article
- Article
- Does Dysregulation Of The Indirect Pathway Contribute To The Pathophysiology Of Catatonia Through Neurotransmitter Imbalance?Clinical neuropsychiatry · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Catatonia is a syndrome that has been associated with several mental illness disorders but that has also presented as a result of other medical conditions. Schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders such as mania and depression are known to be associated with catatonia; however, several case reports have been published of certain medical conditions inducing catatonia, including hyponatremia, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, and liver transplantation. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis are also prominent causes of catatonia. Patients taking benzodiazepines or clozapine are also at risk of developing catatonia following the withdrawal of these medications-it is speculated that the prolonged use of these medications increases gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) activity and that discontinuation may increase excitatory neurotransmission, leading to catatonia. The treatment of catatonia often involves the use of benzodiazepines, such as lorazepam, that can be used in combination therapy with antipsychotics. Definitive treatment may be found with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Aberrant neuronal activity in different motor pathways, defective neurotransmitter regulation, and impaired oligodendrocyte function have all been proposed as the pathophysiology behind catatonia. There are many clinical challenges that come with catatonia and, as early treatment is associated with better outcomes, it becomes imperative to understand these challenges. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide an overview of these challenges and to look at clinical studies regarding the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of as well as the complications and risk factors associated with catatonia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.