ArticleScandinavian journal of work, environment & health2022
Working at home and expectations of being available: effects on perceived work environment, turnover intentions, and health.
Article in Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Always available? A systematic review on extended work-related availability, health outcomes and work-family conflict.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Teleworking and Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Hybrid Work in German Public Administration: Social Resources, Occupational Health Literacy and Work Design Competencies in Association with Work Engagement.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Hybrid work and mental distress: a cross-sectional study of 24,763 office workers in the Norwegian public sector.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2025Article
- Work Disability and Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Teleworkers: A Scoping Review.Journal of occupational rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Effect of Government Guidelines and Corporate Governance on Telework Adoption and Occupational Health Measures in Taiwanese-Listed Companies.Safety and health at work · 2024Article
- Association between work from home and health-related productivity loss among Korean employees.Annals of occupational and environmental medicine · 2024Article
- The Workaholism-Technostress Interplay: Initial Evidence on Their Mutual Relationship.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Office design, telework from home, and self-certified sickness absence: A cross-sectional study of main and moderating effects in a nationally representative sample.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2023Article
- Combined effect of work from home and work during nonwork time on sleep disturbance.Annals of occupational and environmental medicine · 2023Article
- A Work Time Control Tradeoff in Flexible Work: Competitive Pathways to Need for Recovery.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Combined psychosocial work factors and risk of long-term sickness absence in the general working population: Prospective cohort with register follow-up among 69 371 workers.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this study was to determine if (i) working at home and (ii) expectations of being available to the employer in their spare time influences employees' perceptions of their work environment and well-being, health, organizational commitment, or intention to leave.
methodsWe conducted cross-sectional analyses of survey data from 7861 office workers reporting hours worked at home and 3146 reporting frequency of expectations of being available to the employer in spare time (availability expectations). Prospective analyses (two-year follow up) comprised 5258 and 2082, respectively. Dependent variables were work factors previously associated with health complaints, mental distress, positive affect, work-private life conflict, commitment, and intention to leave. Random intercept linear and logistic regressions controlled for time worked (in addition to regular hours), age, gender, and skill level.
results"Hours working at home" was cross-sectionally associated with higher levels of demands, role ambiguity, role conflicts, decision control, empowering leadership, human resource primacy, commitment, work-private life conflict, and lower support from co-workers. "Availability expectations" was associated with higher levels of demands, role conflicts, neck pain, mental distress, thinking that work was not finished when going to bed, sleep problems, work-private life conflict, intentions to leave and with lower levels of superior support, co-worker support, fair leadership, and commitment. There were no prospective associations.
conclusionsWorking at home was associated with both positive and negative factors. Specific factors pertaining to role expectations and support from co-workers pose challenges. Availability expectations was associated with potentially negative work factors and health, organizational commitment, and intentions to leave. There were no long-term effects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.