ArticleSSM - population health2021
Barriers to physical activity for adults in rural and urban Canada: A cross-sectional comparison.
Article in SSM - population health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- The feasibility of a dietary and lifestyle behaviour change intervention among low-income Latinas and Indigenous Mexicans in rural desert communities: a pilot randomised controlled trial.Public health nutrition · 2026Trial
- Cognitively engaging sedentary activities are associated with better cognitive function in middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study using the 1970 British Cohort Study.Journal of activity, sedentary and sleep behaviors · 2026Article
- Rural-Urban Differences in Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity Among US Adults: Findings From the REGARDS Study.Journal of physical activity & health · 2026Article
- Objective and perceived neighbourhood walkability: population-average associations with transportation and recreational physical activity in urban-dwelling Canadian adults.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Rural-urban differences in perceived social and built environments and associations with physical activity among youth in the United States.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Using the RE-AIM framework to evaluate the implementation of a clinical workflow designed to identify, refer, and connect insufficiently active patients to health coaching.Translational behavioral medicine · 2026Article
- Intrinsic mechanisms underlying urban-rural disparities in physical activity and their changes in China: evidence from China General Social Survey during 2010-2021.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Changing patterns and associated factors of exercise participation and physical activity levels among middle-aged and older adults from 2011-2020 in China.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Article
- Barriers and facilitators to physical activity in rural communities: using the Behaviour Change Wheel to identify intervention functions.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal effects of urban micro-scale built environment on cardiovascular diseases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Evaluating methods to define place of residence in Canadian administrative data and the impact on observed associations with all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Article
- Built Environment and Cardiovascular Diseases - Insights from a Global Review.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- Predictors of Quality of Life Among Older Residents in Rural and Urban Areas in Indonesia: An Approach Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2025Article
- Development and Implementation of Strong Foundations, a Digitally Delivered Fall Prevention Program: Usability and Feasibility Pilot Exercise Cohort Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Building Strong Foundations: Nonrandomized Interventional Study of a Novel, Digitally Delivered Fall Prevention Program for Older Adults.JMIR aging · 2025Article
- Configurational pathways to effective rural older adult sports participation: a necessity and sufficiency analysis using NCA and QCA.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Multi-level determinants of physical activity and sports participation among adults during COVID-19 pandemic: an interpretable machine learning approach.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Unincorporation in counties as a political determinant of health: An exploration of five states.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Barriers to physical activity in the Iranian population: findings from the STEPwise surveillance 2021.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Correlates of Exercise Behavior Based on Socio-Ecological Theoretical Model among Chinese Urban Adults: An Empirical Study.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIndividual differences in physical activity behavior are associated with a collection of individual and environmental factors manifesting as barriers to participation. Understanding how barriers to physical activity differ based on sociodemographic characteristics can support identification and elimination of health inequities.
objectivesTo compare the odds of reporting individual and environmental barriers to physical activity in rural and urban adults, and explore interactions between rural-urban location and sociodemographic factors to characterize patterns in barriers to physical activity.
designCross-sectional.
methodsWe analyzed the 2017 Canadian Community Health Survey Barriers to Physical Activity Rapid Response, with a final weighted sample of 24,499,462 (unweighted n=21,967). The likelihood of reporting each barrier domain based on rural-urban location was examined using binary logistic regression following a model-fitting approach with sociodemographic characteristics as covariates or interaction terms.
resultsAdjusting for sociodemographic factors, rural residents showed 85% higher odds of reporting at least one social or built environmental barrier (OR=1.85 [1.66, 2.07]). Compared to urban residents, rural residents showed significantly higher odds of reporting barriers to facility access (OR=4.15 [3.58, 4.83]) and a lack of social support to be active (OR=1.17 [1.04, 1.32]). Urban residents reported lower preference for physical activity, lower enjoyment of physical activity and lower confidence in their ability to regularly engage in physical activity. Interactions between socioeconomic status and location were identified related to enjoyment and confidence to be active. There was no effect of location on predicting the odds of reporting an individual resource-related variable (e.g., time, energy).
conclusionsDespite being more likely than urban residents to prefer and enjoy physical activity, rural residents have fewer opportunities and receive less social support to be active. It is important to consider geographic location when characterizing barriers to physical activity and in the development of context-specific health promotion strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.