Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34841036›Full record

ArticleSSM - population health2021

Health inequality in Britain before 1750.

Ellen J Kendall, Alex T Brown, Tim Doran, Rebecca Gowland, Richard Cookson

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in SSM - population health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ellen J KendallDepartment of Archaeology, Durham University, Durham, UK.
Alex T BrownDepartment of History, Durham University, Durham, UK.
Tim DoranDepartment of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, UK.
Rebecca GowlandDepartment of Archaeology, Durham University, Durham, UK.
Richard CooksonCentre for Health Economics, University of York, Heslington, York, UK.

Funding

Wellcome Trust 205427/Z/16/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study examines the claim that social inequality in health in European populations was absent prior to 1750. This claim is primarily based on comparisons of life expectancy at birth in England between general and ducal (elite aristocrat) social classes from the 1550s to the 1870s.

methodsWe examined historic childhood mortality trends among the English ducal class and the general population, based on previously published data. We compared mid-childhood to adolescent mortality (age 5-14) and early-childhood mortality (age 0-4) between the ducal class and the general population from the 17

resultsPrior to 1750, ducal early-childhood mortality was higher than the general population. However, mid-childhood to adolescent mortality was lower among the ducal class than the general population in all observed periods for boys, and almost all periods for girls. Among the ducal class, but not the general population, there was a sharp decline in early-childhood mortality around the 1750s which may partly explain the divergent trends in overall life expectancy at birth.

conclusionHealth inequality between the ducal class and general population was present in England from the 16

Indexed as

Childhood mortalityEarly modern EnglandHistorical demographyLife expectancySocial inequality

Identifiers

PMID34841036
PMCPMC8606541

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.