ArticleJournal of ophthalmic & vision research
Electronic Device Screen Time and Meibomian Gland Morphology in Children.
Article in Journal of ophthalmic & vision research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maresin 1 Ameliorates Blue Light Overexposure-Induced Meibomian Gland Dysfunction via Inhibition of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD-Mediated Pyroptosis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Excessive screen time exposure leads to dry eyes and inflammatory conjunctivitis in children.Irish journal of medical science · 2025Article
- Subclinical ocular surface changes in children with newly diagnosed allergy.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Association of excessive screen time exposure with ocular changes leading to astigmatism in children.PloS one · 2025Article
- Dry eye disease: identification and therapeutic strategies for primary care clinicians and clinical specialists.Annals of medicine · 2023Review
- Risk Factors for Meibomian Gland Disease Assessed by Meibography.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate changes in meibomian gland morphology and impact of electronic device usage time on meibomian glands in pediatric age group.
methodsIn this prospective study, 149 eyes of 149 children were enrolled. The participants also completed the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire and provided information regarding weekly hours spent in front of a digital screen. Meibography was performed in all subjects. Grading of images was evaluated using a previously validated 5-point meiboscale (0-4) for meibomian gland atrophy and a 3-point scale for meibomian gland tortuosity (0-2).
resultsOf the 149 enrolled children, 83 (55.7%) were female and 66 (44.3%) male. The mean age was 13.0
conclusionMeibomian gland morphology may show changes in pediatric age group and excessive screen time may be a factor triggering these changes in gland morphology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.