ReviewJournal of central nervous system disease2021
The Influence of Renal Function Impairment on Kappa Free Light Chains in Cerebrospinal Fluid.
Review in Journal of central nervous system disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Use of Kappa Free Light Chains to Diagnose Multiple Sclerosis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Pooled it
- Kappa Free Light Chain for Diagnosis and Neurofilament Light Chain for Prognosis in Autoimmune Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Observational
- Diagnostic value of the kappa free light chain index in multiple sclerosis under the 2024 CSF positivity criterion: a multicentre study in oligoclonal band-negative patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Kappa index: real-world study for assessing cut-off values that provide the best accuracy for multiple sclerosis diagnosis in patients with CIS.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Relevance of Kappa and Lambda Free Light Chains in Autoimmune Astrocytopathy Associated With Anti-GFAP Antibodies.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Article
- Kappa free light chain concentration in serum is reduced after CD20-depletion with ocrelizumab.Neurological research and practice · 2025Article
- Pilot study of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers reveals inflammatory changes in patients with paranoid schizophrenia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Kappa Free Light Chain Index Correlates With Prognostic Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis and Decreases Slowly Following Treatment.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- The Kappa Free Light Chains Index and Central Vein Sign: Two New Biomarkers for Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis.Neurology and therapy · 2025Review
- Establishing the best combination of the kappa free light chain index and oligoclonal bands for an accurate diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Kappa Free Light Chain Biomarkers Are Efficient for the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis: A Large Multicenter Cohort Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Saliva Free Light Chains in Patients with Neuro-Sjögren.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Diagnostic Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker in Early and Late Onset Multiple Sclerosis.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Inter-Laboratory Concordance of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum Kappa Free Light Chain Measurements.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Kappa Free Light Chains in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Inflammatory and Non-Inflammatory Neurological Diseases.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- Decreased Intrathecal Concentrations of Free Light Chains Kappa in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Taking Very High Effective Disease-Modifying Treatment.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe determination of kappa free light chains (KFLC) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an upcoming biomarker for the detection of an intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis. Since renal function impairment leads to altered serum KFLC and albumin concentrations, interpretation of KFLC in CSF may be influenced by these parameters.
methodsIn this two-center study, the influence of renal function (according to the CKD-EPI creatinine equation) on KFLC and albumin concentrations was investigated in patients with "physiological" (n = 139), "non-inflammatory" (n = 146), and "inflammatory" (n = 172) CSF profiles in respect to the KFLC index and the evaluation in quotient diagrams in reference to the hyperbolic reference range (KFLC IF).
resultsAll sample groups displayed declining KFLC indices and KFLC IF values with decreasing renal function (
conclusionsThe influence of renal function should be considered while interpreting KFLC results in patients with neuroinflammatory diseases. The interpretation of KFLC in quotient diagrams is less susceptible to renal function impairment than the KFLC index and should be preferentially used.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.