ArticleStroke2022
Cumulative Concussion and Odds of Stroke in Former National Football League Players.
Article in Stroke, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Self-reported concussion history is not related to cortical volume in college athletes.PloS one · 2025Article
- White Matter Hyperintensities and Microstructural Alterations in Contact Sport Athletes from Adolescence to Early Midlife.Journal of neurotrauma · 2024Article
- Long-term risk of cardiovascular disease after traumatic brain injury: screening and prevention.The Lancet. Neurology · 2023Review
- Incorporation of concussion history as part of the LIfestyle for BRAin Health (LIBRA) modifiable factors risk score and associations with cognition in older former National Football League players.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023Article
- Effects of contact/collision sport history on gait in early- to mid-adulthood.Journal of sport and health science · 2023Article
- Innate immunity changes in soccer players after whole-body cryotherapy.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2022Article
- Cognition Uniquely Influences Dual-Task Tandem Gait Performance Among Athletes With a Concussion History.Sports healthArticle
- Higher Cardiovascular Risk Factor Burden Associated With Cumulative Concussion History and Age-Related Differences.The Journal of head trauma rehabilitationArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposePostmortem and experimental studies indicate a potential association between repeated concussions and stroke risk in older contact sport athletes. We examined the relationship between concussion and stroke history in former National Football League players aged ≥50 years.
methodsFormer professional football players aged ≥50 years who played ≥1 year in the National Football League were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. Indirect standardization was used to calculate overall and decade-specific standardized prevalence ratios. Logistic regression using Firth's bias reduction method examined the association between lifetime concussion history 0 (n=119; 12.2%), 1 to 2 (n=152; 15.5%), 3 to 5 (n=242; 24.7%), 6 to 9 (201; 20.5%), and 10+(n=265; 27.1%) and stroke. Adjusted odds ratios for stroke were calculated for concussion history groups, age, and coronary artery disease and/or myocardial infarction.
resultsThe 979 participants who met inclusion criteria had a mean age of 65.0±9.0 years (range, 50-99). The prevalence of stroke was 3.4% (n=33), significantly lower than expected based on rates of stroke in US men aged 50 and over (standardized prevalence ratio=0.56, Z= -4.56,
conclusionsThe prevalence of stroke among former National Football League players aged ≥50 years was lower than the general population, with significantly increased risk among those with 10 or more prior concussions. Findings add to the evidence suggesting that traumatic brain injuries are associated with increased risk of stroke. Clinically, management of cardio- and cerebrovascular health may be pertinent to those with a history of multiple prior concussions.
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Registered trials
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