ArticleReproductive health2021
Association between experience of specific side-effects and contraceptive switching and discontinuation in Uganda: results from a longitudinal study.
Article in Reproductive health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Hope for the best, prepare for the worst: male partner involvement in modern family planning and its effect on women's mental health in Northern Ghana - a community-based cross-sectional study.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- A Theory of Planned Behaviour Analysis of Barriers and Facilitators of Immediate Postpartum Contraception Uptake in Southwestern Uganda.Open access journal of contraception · 2026Article
- Contraceptive-induced menstrual changes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Discontinuation, switching and contraceptive failure patterns of long-acting reversible contraceptive users in Kenya: a quantitative study.Sexual and reproductive health matters · 2025Article
- Understanding women's preferences for long-acting reversible contraceptives in Gondar, Ethiopia: a discrete choice experiment.Health economics review · 2025Article
- Determinants and barriers of modern family planning uptake among postpartum mothers at selected regional referral hospitals in Uganda: a cross-sectional study.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Using causal loop diagrams to examine the interrelationships between factors influencing family planning utilisation in urban east central Uganda.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Uptake and correlates of modern contraceptive use among women aged 15-49 years in Botswana; evidence from the Botswana demographic survey 2017.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2025Article
- Factors associated with male acceptance of modern contraceptive methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study in a peri-urban municipality.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2025Article
- PrEP Method Switching: Will it Yield Greater Coverage of HIV Protection? Applying Lessons Learned from Family Planning to Guide Future Research in the Context of PrEP Choice.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Review
- Identifying what contraceptive side effects women are told about during counseling using nationally representative PMA Ethiopia 2019 cross-sectional data.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Perspectives on the side effects of hormonal contraceptives among women of reproductive age in Kitwe district of Zambia: a qualitative explorative study.BMC women's health · 2023Article
- Unmet need and intention to use as predictors of adoption of contraception in 10 Performance Monitoring for Action geographies.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- Early discontinuation of the IMPLANON® and associated factors in Ethiopia, systematic review and meta-analysis.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Male partner influence on Women's choices and utilisation of family planning services in Mufulira district, Zambia.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Prevalence of discontinuation of contraceptives due to failure among women aged 14 to 49 years in Uganda: a nation wide cross-sectional survey.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2023Article
- Reproductive outcomes following contraceptive discontinuation for method-related reasons: An analysis of 49 Demographic and Health Surveys.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- How a co-design process led to more contextually relevant family planning interventions in emerging urban settings in Eastern Uganda.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is substantial evidence that contraceptive side-effects are a major deterrent to consistent use of contraception but few studies in low- or middle-income countries explore the role of specific side-effects on contraceptive use dynamics. This study used population-based, longitudinal data to explore the effect of specific side-effects on contraceptive continuation, discontinuation, and switching in Uganda.
methodsData for this study come from two rounds of survey data collection in Uganda: PMA2020's sixth cross-sectional survey and a follow-up survey conducted 1 year later. The main outcomes of interest were discontinuation and switching among users of hormonal contraceptive methods (implants, injectables and oral pill) and the IUD at baseline (n = 560). Multivariable logistic regressions assessed the association of experiencing specific side-effects (more bleeding, less bleeding, irregular bleeding, increased dryness/reduced libido, and physical discomfort) with discontinuation and switching 1 year later, adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, type of method, and length of use. We also examined the differential effects of side-effects between discontinuation and switching risks.
resultsAbout 23% of hormonal and IUD contraceptive users reported experiencing side-effects at baseline survey. Overall, discontinuation and switching were higher among injectables and pill users, compared to IUD and implants users. Reporting more bleeding or less bleeding increased the odds of discontinuation and switching by 2.74 (95% CI 1.00-7.51) and 1.86 (1.04-3.34), respectively. There was no significant difference in discontinuation and switching by side-effects.
conclusionsGreater attention should be paid to understanding the unique contributions of side-effects to contraceptive behavior using population-based data. While about a quarter of women reported experiencing side effects, those who experienced bleeding specific side effects were at higher risk of contraceptive discontinuation and switching. Providing greater individualized care that includes information and counseling about common side-effects, how they may impact daily life, and how tolerable these effects may be is necessary.
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