ReviewCytokine & growth factor reviews2022
Pathophysiological role of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in obesity, cancer, and cachexia.
Review in Cytokine & growth factor reviews, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07237464 (A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Phase I Trial to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Immunogenicity of GB18 Following Single Subcutaneous Injection in Healthy Adult Participants), which is not on this map. Cited by 111 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Phase I Trial to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Immunogenicity of GB18 Following Single Subcutaneous Injection in Healthy Adult Participants
Who cites it
111 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15) in Paediatric Disease: A Systematic Review.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of a two-week modified ketogenic diet on circulating lipoprotein subclasses, GDF15, and FGF21 in obese adults.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Trial
- Preoperative diabetes status, circulating GDF15, and weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Loss of endothelial cell FAK represses cisplatin-induced vascular senescence in distal niches to reduce lung metastatic burden.Research square · 2026Article
- Growth Differentiation Factor-15 in Acute Coronary Syndromes: Prognostic Value and Barriers to Clinical Implementation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Mealtime irregularity is associated with higher serum growth differentiation factor-15 levels in older adults: the explanatory role of dietary quality.European geriatric medicine · 2026Article
- Novel Endocrine Signaling Axis in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Interactions and Therapeutic Potential of FGF21 and GDF15.Journal of cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Semaglutide-Induced Sarcopenia via GLP-1R-mTOR-Satellite Cells Axis and Muscle-Glucose Feedback Loop Potentially Leading to Refractory Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Driven Hypothesis.Problemy endokrinologii · 2026Article
- GDF15: A Hijacked Metabo-Hormone Orchestrating Cachexia and Immunosuppression in Cancer.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- GDF15 in Liver Fibrosis: Molecular Mechanisms, Immunoregulatory Functions, and Therapeutic Potential.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Osteocyte-Derived GDF15 Promotes Paclitaxel Resistance, Tumor Growth, and Bone Microenvironment Regulation in Prostate Cancer.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Endothelial GDF15 deficiency enhances barrier function and mitigates pulmonary fibrosis.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Encephalopathy: Cause, Pathogenesis, and Treatment.MedComm · 2026Review
- Research progress on the biological function and molecular mechanism of GDF-15 in solid malignant tumors.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Review
- Structure-guided identification of small molecules potentially able to modulate GDF15 activity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Context-Dependent Role of GDF15: GDF15Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- De novo and scaffold-based design of GDF15 binders for cancer cachexia diagnostics and therapeutics.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular risk assessment characterized by proteomics in cancer survivors.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Genetic mechanisms, brain structures, and peripheral biomarkers mediate the relationship between physical frailty and neuropsychiatric disorders.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- SENP3 drives colorectal cancer progression by enhancing GDF15 expression.International journal of colorectal disease · 2026Article
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 or macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (GDF15/MIC-1) is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily and has a diverse pathophysiological roles in cancers, cardiometabolic disorders, and other diseases. GDF15 controls hematopoietic growth, energy homeostasis, adipose tissue metabolism, body growth, bone remodeling, and response to stress signals. The role of GDF15 in cancer development and progression is complicated and depends on the specific cancer type, stage, and tumor microenvironment. Recently, research on GDF15 and GDF15-associated signaling has accelerated due to the identification of the GDF15 receptor: glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family receptor α-like (GFRAL). Therapeutic interventions to target GDF15 and/or GFRAL revealed the mechanisms that drive its activity and might improve overall outcomes of patients with metabolic disorders and cancer. This review highlights the structure and functions of GDF15 and its receptor, emphasizing the pleiotropic role of GDF15 in obesity, tumorigenesis, metastasis, immunomodulation, and cachexia.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.