ArticleNutrients2021
Water Kefir and Derived Pasteurized Beverages Modulate Gut Microbiota, Intestinal Permeability and Cytokine Production In Vitro.
Article in Nutrients, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review on kefir beverages from milk and water: health benefits, processing and applications.Food science of animal resources · 2026Review
- Dairy Bioactive Compounds as Precision Modulators of Gut Microbiota: From Molecular Mechanisms to Personalized Immunometabolic Health.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Changes in gut microbiota composition following water kefir consumption in healthy adults.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Formation Mechanism of Key Flavor Compounds During the Fermentation of Strawberry Juice with Water Kefir Grains.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Fermented Dairy Products as Precision Modulators of Gut Microbiota and Host Health: Mechanistic Insights, Clinical Evidence, and Future Directions.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Air Pollution-Associated Rhinitis: Exploring the Preventive Role of Nutritional Supplements Against Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Changes in antioxidant capacity and gut microbiota in mice after intake of camel milk.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles from water kefir can interact with human neurons in vitro: a potential explanation for the role of probiotics consumption in mental health.AIMS neuroscience · 2025Article
- Modulation of the Gut-Lung Axis by Water Kefir and Kefiran and Their Impact on Toll-like Receptor 3-Mediated Respiratory Immunity.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- The evaluation of black carrot, green cabbage, grape, and apple juices as substrates for the production of functional water kefir-like beverages.Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
- Challenges in water kefir production and limitations in human consumption: A comprehensive review of current knowledge.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of water kefir microbiota and its bioactive metabolites for health promoting bio-functional products and applications.AIMS microbiology · 2024Review
- No Associations between Dairy Intake and Markers of Gastrointestinal Inflammation in Healthy Adult Cohort.Nutrients · 2023Observational
- Multi-omics characterization of the microbial populations and chemical space composition of a water kefir fermentation.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fermentation is an ancient food preservation process, and fermented products have been traditionally consumed in different cultures worldwide over the years. The interplay between human gut microbiota, diet and host health is widely recognized. Diet is one of the main factors modulating gut microbiota potentially with beneficial effects on human health. Fermented dairy products have received much attention, but other sources of probiotic delivery through food received far less attention. In this research, a combination of in vitro tools mimicking colonic fermentation and the intestinal epithelium have been applied to study the effect of different pasteurized and non-pasteurized water kefir products on gut microbiota, epithelial barrier function and immunomodulation. Water kefir increased beneficial short-chain fatty acid production at the microbial level, reduced detrimental proteolytic fermentation compounds and increased
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.