ArticleMicroorganisms2021
Elevated Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies and IL-6, IL-8, MIP-1β, Early Predictors of Severe COVID-19.
Article in Microorganisms, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence and association of type I IFN autoantibodies with clinical outcomes in critically ill Brazilian COVID-19 patients.Journal of human immunity · 2025Article
- Impairment of Esophageal Barrier Integrity: New Insights into Esophageal Symptoms in Post-COVID-19.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025Article
- Fatty Acids and Inflammatory Protein Biomarkers From Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Article
- A comparative analysis of estrogen receptors, ACE2 and cytokines in pre-and postmenopausal women and men with COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load and Cytokine Dynamics Profile as Early Signatures of Long COVID Condition in Hospitalized Individuals.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Serum chemokine IL-8 acts as a biomarker for identifying COVID-19-associated persistent severe acute kidney injury.Renal failure · 2024Article
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and of seasonal variations on the innate immune inflammatory response.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Potential biomarkers for fatal outcome prognosis in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pre-existing comorbidities.Clinical and translational science · 2023Article
- High Levels of IL-1β, TNF-α and MIP-1α One Month after the Onset of the Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Predictors of Post COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Immuno-Modulatory Effects of Dexamethasone in Severe COVID-19-A Swedish Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Longitudinal anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody immune response in acute and convalescent patients.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Continued Virus-Specific Antibody-Secreting Cell Production, Avidity Maturation and B Cell Evolution in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19.Viral immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- Evaluation of the immunomodulatory effects of interleukin-10 on peripheral blood immune cells of COVID-19 patients: Implication for COVID-19 therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- The role of lovastatin in the attenuation of COVID-19.International immunopharmacology · 2021Article
- A possible pathogenic correlation between neutrophil elastase (NE) enzyme and inflammation in the pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).International immunopharmacology · 2021Article
- Genome-scale metabolic modelling of SARS-CoV-2 in cancer cells reveals an increased shift to glycolytic energy production.FEBS letters · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Viral and host immune kinetics during acute COVID-19 and after remission of acute symptoms need better characterization. SARS-CoV-2 RNA, anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA, IgM, and IgG antibodies, and proinflammatory cytokines were measured in sequential samples from hospitalized COVID-19 patients during acute infection and six months following diagnosis. Twenty four laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients with mild/moderate and severe COVID-19 were included. Most were males (83%) with a median age of 61 years. Twenty one percent were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and eight of them (33.3%) met the criteria for severe COVID-19 disease. A delay in SARS-CoV-2 levels' decline during the first six days of follow up, and viral load persistence until month 3 were related to severe COVID-19, but not viral load levels at the diagnosis. Higher levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA, IgM, IgG and the cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and MIP-1β at the diagnosis time were related to the severe COVID-19 outcome. Higher levels of MIP-1β, IL-1β, MIP-1α and IFN-γ were observed at month 1 and 3 during mild/moderate disease, compared to severe COVID-19. IgG persisted at low levels after six months of diagnosis. In conclusion, higher concentrations of IgA, IgM, and IgG, and IL-6, IL-8 and MIP-1β are identified as early predictors of COVID-19 severity, whereas no significant association is found between baseline SARS-COV-2 viral load and COVID-19 severity.
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Registered trials
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