ReviewVaccines2021
Prophylactic and Therapeutic EBV Vaccines: Major Scientific Obstacles, Historical Progress, and Future Direction.
Review in Vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- The case for an Epstein-Barr virus vaccine: Lessons from its link to systemic lupus erythematosus.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Article
- Recent advances in Epstein-Barr virus vaccines development from mechanistic exploration to clinical translation.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Epstein-Barr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review on Prevention and the Concept of an Infection-Driven Disease.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of Epstein-Barr virus-associated autoimmunity: a comparative overview.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mini-review on the therapeutic vaccines targeting chronic infectious diseases: Evaluation system of therapeutic vaccines targeting HPV and EBV-related cancers.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- The Role of Epstein-Barr Virus in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Article
- Viral etiologies of acute liver failure.World journal of virology · 2024Review
- Potent human monoclonal antibodies targeting Epstein-Barr virus gp42 reveal vulnerable sites for virus infection.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Epstein-Barr virus at 60.Nature · 2024Article
- Association between composite dietary antioxidant index and Epstein-Barr virus infection in children aged 6-19 years in the United States: from the national health and nutrition examination survey 2007-2010.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Review
- Progress in Prophylactic and Therapeutic EBV Vaccine Development Based on Molecular Characteristics of EBV Target Antigens.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- How Does Epstein-Barr Virus Interact With Other Microbiomes in EBV-Driven Cancers?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects more than 95% of adults worldwide and is associated with various malignant tumors and immune diseases, imparting a huge disease burden on the human population. Available EBV vaccines are imminent. Prophylactic vaccines can effectively prevent the spread of infection, whereas therapeutic vaccines mainly stimulate cell-mediated immunity and kill infected cells, thus curbing the development of malignant tumors. Nevertheless, there are still no approved EBV vaccines after decades of effort. The complexity of the EBV life cycle, the lack of appropriate animal models, and the limited reports on adjuvant selection and immune responses are gravely impeding progress in EBV vaccines. The soluble gp350 vaccine could reduce the incidence of infectious mononucleosis (IM), which seemed to offer hope, but could not prevent EBV infection. Continuous research and vaccine trials provide deep insights into the structural biology of viruses, the designs for immunogenicity, and the evolving vaccine platforms. Moreover, the new vaccine candidates are expected to achieve further success via combined immunization to elicit both a dual protection of B cells and epithelial cells, and sustainable immunization against infected cells at several phases of infection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.