Observational studyViruses2021
Indications of Persistent Glycocalyx Damage in Convalescent COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective Multicenter Study and Hypothesis.
Observational study in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endotheliopathy in Acute COVID-19 and Long COVID.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Clinical trials on the pharmacological treatment of long COVID: A systematic review.Journal of medical virology · 2023Pooled it
- Treatment with Sulodexide Downregulates Biomarkers for Endothelial Dysfunction in Convalescent COVID-19 Patients.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/HemostasisTrial
- Current status and future perspectives on the mechanistic and pathophysiological understanding of long COVID.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- C3d Complement Activation and Antibody Immunity in Convalescent COVID-19: Insights From Adults and Children.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Vascular Pathogenesis in Acute and Long COVID: Current Insights and Therapeutic Outlook.Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis · 2025Review
- Long COVID - a critical disruption of cholinergic neurotransmission?Bioelectronic medicine · 2025Review
- Challenging the notion of endothelial infection by SARS-CoV-2: insights from the current scientific evidence.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular damage and comorbidities related to long COVID: pathomechanisms, prevention, and therapy.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Endothelial Glycocalyx Anomalies and Ocular Manifestations in Patients with Post-Acute COVID-19.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Clinical Implications of COVID-19-Related Endothelial Dysfunction.JACC. Advances · 2024Review
- Neurovascular coupling impairment as a mechanism for cognitive deficits in COVID-19.Brain communications · 2024Review
- Unraveling the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein long-term effect on neuro-PASC.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Vascular Dysfunctions Contribute to the Long-Term Cognitive Deficits Following COVID-19.Biology · 2023Review
- Strain Echocardiography in Acute COVID-19 and Post-COVID Syndrome: More than Just a Snapshot.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19: an overview of evidence, biomarkers, mechanisms and potential therapies.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2023Review
- Article
- Coagulation Disorders in Sepsis and COVID-19-Two Sides of the Same Coin? A Review of Inflammation-Coagulation Crosstalk in Bacterial Sepsis and COVID-19.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Identification of dynamic gene expression profiles during sequential vaccination with ChAdOx1/BNT162b2 using machine learning methods.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Combining L-Arginine with vitamin C improves long-COVID symptoms: The LINCOLN Survey.Pharmacological research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the SARS CoV-2 virus and can lead to severe lung damage and hyperinflammation. In the context of COVID-19 infection, inflammation-induced degradation of the glycocalyx layer in endothelial cells has been demonstrated. Syndecan-1 (SDC-1) is an established parameter for measuring glycocalyx injury. This prospective, multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study analyzed SDC-1 levels in 24 convalescent patients that had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 with mild disease course without need of hospitalization. We included 13 age-matched healthy individuals and 10 age-matched hospitalized COVID-19 patients with acute mild disease course as controls. In convalescent COVID-19 patients, significantly elevated SDC-1 levels were detected after a median of 88 days after symptom onset compared to healthy controls, whereas no difference was found when compared to SDC-1 levels of hospitalized patients undergoing acute disease. This study is the first to demonstrate signs of endothelial damage in non-pre-diseased, convalescent COVID-19 patients after mild disease progression without hospitalization. The data are consistent with studies showing evidence of persistent endothelial damage after severe or critical disease progression. Further work to investigate endothelial damage in convalescent COVID-19 patients should follow.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.