ReviewViruses2021
The Roles of Neutrophils in Cytokine Storms.
Review in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Malignancy; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Metabolic Mechanisms of Neutrophil Phagocytic Activity in Patients with Widespread Purulent Peritonitis Bacterial Peritonitis Before and After Surgery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The hyaluronan receptor CD44 drives COVID-19 severity through its regulation of neutrophil migration.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Herbal preparations traditionally used in upper respiratory tract infections: UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MSBMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Article
- Targeting the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Ameliorates Heart Failure in Aged Mice by Inhibiting the Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps.Physiological research · 2026Article
- Product of arachidonic acid oxidation inhibits neutrophil migration by forming the inflammatory substrate for integrin αMβ2.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Immunopathogenesis of severe pneumonia in children with emphasis on CD4+ T cells, Tim-3 and cytokine-mediated immune dysregulation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Identification of Hub Neutrophil Coexpressed Genes in Acute PancreatitisEndocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- The role of neutrophils in bronchiectasis.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Biomaterial-mediated macrophage polarization remodeling and sequential regulation: a potential strategy in bone infections treatment.Bone research · 2025Review
- Exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide aggravates H1N1-mediated lung immunopathology via neutrophil extracellular trap formation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ferroptosis-related genes MDM2 and CDKN1A as potential biomarkers for COPD.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2025Article
- The hyaluronan receptor CD44 drives COVID-19 severity through its regulation of neutrophil migration.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Bacterial Lysates Modulate Human Macrophage Responses by Inducing BPI Production and Autophagy.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- What is the best cutoff point of leukocyte esterase for diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections? a systematic review and meta-analysis.Arthroplasty (London, England) · 2025Review
- Cytokine storm and vascular leakage in severe dengue: insights from single-cell RNA profiling.Life science alliance · 2025Article
- Revealing roles of PANoptosis-related genes in prognosis and molecular subtypes in lung squamous cell carcinoma by integrated bioinformatic analyses and experiments.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Deep insight into cytokine storm: from pathogenesis to treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Frequency of IgE antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein across different disease severity COVID19 groups.Virology journal · 2025Article
- The emerging role of neutrophil extracellular traps in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases.MedComm · 2025Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A cytokine storm is an abnormal discharge of soluble mediators following an inappropriate inflammatory response that leads to immunopathological events. Cytokine storms can occur after severe infections as well as in non-infectious situations where inflammatory cytokine responses are initiated, then exaggerated, but fail to return to homeostasis. Neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, and natural killer cells are among the innate leukocytes that contribute to the pathogenesis of cytokine storms. Neutrophils participate as mediators of inflammation and have roles in promoting homeostatic conditions following pathological inflammation. This review highlights the advances in understanding the mechanisms governing neutrophilic inflammation against viral and bacterial pathogens, in cancers, and in autoimmune diseases, and how neutrophils could influence the development of cytokine storm syndromes. Evidence for the destructive potential of neutrophils in their capacity to contribute to the onset of cytokine storm syndromes is presented across a multitude of clinical scenarios. Further, a variety of potential therapeutic strategies that target neutrophils are discussed in the context of suppressing multiple inflammatory conditions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.