ReviewViruses2021
A Review on Extrahepatic Manifestations of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection and the Impact of Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy.
Review in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma occurrence after antiviral therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C Infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Hepatology international · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of direct-acting antiviral regimen for patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 2: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Pooled it
- Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus after treatment with direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C virus in people with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Observational
- Hepatitis C virus and extrahepatic malignancies: where we stand and how we can advance the field.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Projected health benefits and cost offsets from the United States National Hepatitis C Elimination Initiative.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Long-Term Risk Trajectories of Diabetes Differ After Direct-Acting Antiviral and Interferon Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis C: A Real-World Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Personalized Management of Cytopenias in Chronic Liver Disease: From Pathophysiology to Treatment Strategies.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Review
- Hepatitis C Virus: An Overview of Its Chronic Impact on Liver Function, Metabolic Dysregulation, Inflammatory-Oxidative Pathogenesis and Epigenetic Memory.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Lifetime medical costs of chronic hepatitis C in the United States.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Immune escape mechanisms and therapeutic advances in virus-associated hematological malignancies.Blood cancer journal · 2026Review
- Prevalence and predictors of HCV infection among hospitalized psychiatric patients in Poland.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Metabolic alterations associated with cirrhosis after HCV cure in people with HIV: metabolomic and lipidomic findings at one and five years.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Impact of Direct-Acting Antivirals on Extrahepatic Manifestations in Chronic Hepatitis C: A Narrative Review with a Hermeneutic Approach.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Genetic Correlates of Presenile Dementia and Cognitive Decline in the Armenian Population Following COVID-19: A Case-Control Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Hospitalisations With Cryoglobulin-Related Diseases in Spain Over 25 Years.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- Clearance of Hepatitis C Viremia During Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy Leads to Rapid Changes in Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Digestive Manifestations of Post-COVID-19: A Focus on Therapeutic Strategies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Direct-Acting Antivirals and Risk of Hepatitis C Extrahepatic Manifestations.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Autoimmune manifestations and direct-acting antiviral drugs in Egyptian patients with hepatitis C virus infection: A cohort study.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extrahepatic manifestations are a feature of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. In the course of chronic HCV infection, about 70% of patients have one or more extrahepatic manifestations. The latter are often the first and only clinical sign of infection. Experimental and clinical data support a causal association for many extrahepatic manifestations and HCV infection, which include mixed cryoglobulinemia, non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, neurological and psychiatric disease and other rheumatic diseases. All these extrahepatic conditions influence the morbidity, quality of life and mortality of HCV-infected patients. Currently, interferon-free therapeutic regimens with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) offer the possibility of treatment to almost the entire infected population, irrespective of stage of cirrhosis and associated serious comorbidities, always maintaining a high efficacy and tolerability. Several studies have shown a close association between HCV clearance by DAAs and an improvement or reduction in the risk of extrahepatic manifestations. Patients with HCV after a sustained virologic response (SVR) by DAA treatment have a lower risk than non-responders of developing cryoglobulinemic vasculitis and B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Furthermore, the SVR by DAA also reduces the risk of acute coronary syndrome, cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, and it improves atherosclerosis. HCV clearance by DAA also improves the quality of life and survival of patients with chronic HCV infection with associated extrahepatic diseases. Thus, DAAs should be initiated as early as possible in HCV patients with extrahepatic manifestations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.