Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34834442›Full record

ReviewJournal of personalized medicine2021

Artificial Intelligence and Its Application to Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy Diagnosis.

Jakub Gazda, Peter Drotar, Sylvia Drazilova, Juraj Gazda, Matej Gazda, Martin Janicko, Peter Jarcuska

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of personalized medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Machine learning techniques in hepatic encephalopathy: a scoping review.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. The Link between Gut Microbiota and Hepatic Encephalopathy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jakub Gazda2nd Department of Internal Medicine, PJ Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia.ORCID 0000-0003-2246-2217
Peter DrotarIntelligent Information Systems Lab, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia.
Sylvia Drazilova2nd Department of Internal Medicine, PJ Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia.
Juraj GazdaIntelligent Information Systems Lab, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia.
Matej GazdaIntelligent Information Systems Lab, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Technical University of Kosice, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia.ORCID 0000-0002-8405-7017
Martin Janicko2nd Department of Internal Medicine, PJ Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia.ORCID 0000-0002-3329-3968
Peter Jarcuska2nd Department of Internal Medicine, PJ Safarik University and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia.
Technical University of Košice · SKUniversity of Pavol Jozef Šafárik · SK

Funding

Slovak Research Agency and Development Agency APVV-16-0211.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a brain dysfunction caused by liver insufficiency and/or portosystemic shunting. HE manifests as a spectrum of neurological or psychiatric abnormalities. Diagnosis of overt HE (OHE) is based on the typical clinical manifestation, but covert HE (CHE) has only very subtle clinical signs and minimal HE (MHE) is detected only by specialized time-consuming psychometric tests, for which there is still no universally accepted gold standard. Significant progress has been made in artificial intelligence and its application to medicine. In this review, we introduce how artificial intelligence has been used to diagnose minimal hepatic encephalopathy thus far, and we discuss its further potential in analyzing speech and handwriting data, which are probably the most accessible data for evaluating the cognitive state of the patient.

Indexed as

artificial intelligencecovert hepatic encephalopathyminimal hepatic encephalopathypsychometric tests

Identifiers

PMID34834442
PMCPMC8626051
OpenAlexW3210492604

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.