ArticlePharmaceutics2021
In Vivo Biodistribution, Clearance, and Biocompatibility of Multiple Carbon Dots Containing Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Next-generation biomedical nanorobots: active design, intelligent control, and translational opportunities in regenerative and minimally invasive medicine.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Review
- Evaluating NIR-II-Emissive Graphene Quantum Dot Biodistribution, Toxicity, and Clearance forACS applied nano materials · 2026Article
- Synthesis and processing of PCL (polycaprolactone) and IRDye nanoparticles and their biodistribution.Biomedical engineering online · 2026Article
- Carbon dots in cancer therapy: a novel approach to targeted drug delivery and reduced toxicity in gallbladder cancer.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Review
- Reproducibility roadblocks and standardization in carbon dot synthesis: a critical review of current practices, challenges, and future directions.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Review
- Food-Derived Carbon Dots: Formation, Detection, and Impact on Gut Microbiota.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Surface Modification, Toxicity, and Applications of Carbon Dots to Cancer Theranosis: A Review.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Carbon dots-based drug delivery for bone regeneration.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Injectable Hydrogel Loaded with CDs and FTY720 Combined with Neural Stem Cells for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- Intravenous Injection of PEI-Decorated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Impacts NF-kappaB Protein Expression in Immunologically Stressed Mice.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Carbon nanodots constructed by ginsenosides and their high inhibitory effect on neuroblastoma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Article
- Carbon dots with tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.RSC advances · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Current research on the use of carbon dots for various biological systems mainly focuses on the single carbon dots, while particles that contain multiple carbon dots have scarcely been investigated. Here, we assessed multiple carbon dots-crosslinked polyethyleneimine nanoparticles (CDs@PEI) for their in vivo biodistribution, clearance, biocompatibility, and cellular uptake. The in vivo studies demonstrate three unique features of the CDs@PEI nanoparticles: (1) the nanoparticles possess tumor-targeting ability with steady and prolonged retention time in the tumor region. (2) The nanoparticles show hepatobiliary excretion and are clear from the intestine in feces. (3) The nanoparticles have much better biocompatibility than the polyethyleneimine passivated single carbon dots (PEI-CD). We also found that pegylated CDs@PEI nanoparticles can be effectively taken up by the cells, which the confocal laser scanning microscope can image under different excitation wavelengths (at 405, 488, and 800 nm). These prior studies provide invaluable information and new opportunities for this new type of intrinsic photoluminescence nanoparticles in carbon dot-based biomedical applications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.