ArticlePharmaceutics2021
Transdermal Delivery of Macromolecules Using Two-in-One Nanocomposite Device for Skin Electroporation.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transdermal needle-free drug delivery approaches and activation mechanism.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: Harnessing the Potential of Macromolecular Assisted Permeation Enhancement and Novel Techniques.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Review
- Ultrasound Irradiation as a Candidate Procedure to Improve the Transdermal Drug Delivery to the Tail Edema of a Mouse Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: A Focused Review of the Physical Methods of Permeation Enhancement.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2024Review
- Defeating Melanoma Through a Nano-Enabled Revision of Hypoxic and Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of nanomedicine · 2023Article
- Buccal Permeation of Polysaccharide High Molecular Weight Compounds: Effect of Chemical Permeation Enhancers.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Progress in Intradermal and Transdermal Gene Therapy with Microneedles.Pharmaceutical research · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Delivery of hydrophilic molecules through the skin using electroporation is a promising alternative approach to intradermal injection. Recently, we developed a two-in-one electrode/reservoir material composed of carbon nanotubes and agarose hydrogel. In this work, we evaluated the potential of the device to achieve non-invasive transdermal drug delivery using skin electroporation. As it involved an electrode configuration different from the literature, critical questions were raised. First, we demonstrated the efficiency of the device to permeabilize the skin of hairless mice, as observed by propidium iodide (PI) uptake in the nuclei of the epidermis cells through macro fluorescence imaging and histology. Application of Lucifer yellow (LY) at different times after unipolar electroporation treatment demonstrated the partial reversibility of the skin permeabilization after 30 min, and as such, that barrier function properties tended to be restored. We uncovered, for the first time to our knowledge, an intrinsic asymmetry of permeation pathways generated in the
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.