ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Cellulosic Polymers for Enhancing Drug Bioavailability in Ocular Drug Delivery Systems.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Cellulose and Nanocellulose Emulsions in Biomedical Applications: From Fundamental Mechanisms to Therapeutic Translation.Polymers · 2026Review
- Critical Evaluation of Key Elements in Manufacturing Procedures and Testing Methodologies for Ocular Anti-Infective Thin Film Inserts.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Sustainable Cellulose-Based Gels: Synthesis, Chemical Modification, and Biomedical Application.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A pH-responsive silver nanoparticle platform overcomes MEK inhibitor resistance in neurofibroma via triacsin C-mediated lipid metabolic reprogramming.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Article
- A dual-function rebamipide cubogel for enhanced ocular penetration and tear film restoration: optimization, safety, and in-vivo evaluation.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Development and Formulation of Nanofiber-Based Ophthalmic Inserts for the Treatment of Fungal Keratitis.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Bridging Gaps in Fungal Keratitis Management: Novel Diagnostics, Drug Delivery Systems, and Gene Therapies.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Development of Autologous Serum Ocular Insert for Chronic Dry Eye Disease.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Nanomaterial-enabled delivery of plant-derived bioactive metabolites for diabetic retinopathy: from evidence appraisal to preclinical translation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Temperature-responsive hydrogel of oclacitinib maleate administered via the rectum in rabbit.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Co-Administration of MPC Polymer Enhances the Ocular Absorption and Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Effect of Timolol Maleate.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Development of Practical Low-Volume Screening Method and Pharmacokinetic Simulation of Levofloxacin-Loaded Nanofiber Inserts for Sustained Ocular Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Dual-Phase Ocular Insert with Bromfenac-Loaded PLGA MPs in a PVA Matrix for Sustained Postoperative Anti-Inflammatory Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Hydroxypropyl-Methylcellulose and GlicoProOphthalmology and therapy · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Smart Polymers-Based Therapeutics in Ophthalmology.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Cellulose Based Nano-Scaffolds for Targeted Cancer Therapies: Current Status and Future Perspective.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Design and synthesis of natural antibacterial derivatives for ocular tuberculosis: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Chitosan nanoparticles laden contact lenses for enzyme-triggered controlled delivery of timolol maleate: A promising strategy for managing glaucoma.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Article
- Advances in Polysaccharide-Based Microneedle Systems for the Treatment of Ocular Diseases.Nano-micro letters · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
One of the major impediments to drug development is low aqueous solubility and thus poor bioavailability, which leads to insufficient clinical utility. Around 70-80% of drugs in the discovery pipeline are suffering from poor aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability, which is a major challenge when one has to develop an ocular drug delivery system. The outer lipid layer, pre-corneal, dynamic, and static ocular barriers limit drug availability to the targeted ocular tissues. Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class II drugs with adequate permeability and limited or no aqueous solubility have been extensively studied for various polymer-based solubility enhancement approaches. The hydrophilic nature of cellulosic polymers and their tunable properties make them the polymers of choice in various solubility-enhancement techniques. This review focuses on various cellulose derivatives, specifically, their role, current status and novel modified cellulosic polymers for enhancing the bioavailability of BCS class II drugs in ocular drug delivery systems.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.