Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34832665›Full record

ReviewPathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2021

Methodologies for Generating Brain Organoids to Model Viral Pathogenesis in the CNS.

Hannah K Hopkins, Elizabeth M Traverse, Kelli L Barr

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Coculture of tumor organoids with pathogenic microorganisms: a novel system to mimicFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
  9. An Overview of Zika Virus and Zika Virus Induced Neuropathies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
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  11. Microphysiological systems to advance human pathophysiology and translational medicine.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2024
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Hannah K HopkinsCenter for Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Elizabeth M TraverseCenter for Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Kelli L BarrCenter for Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7943-7181
University of South Florida · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

(1) Background: The human brain is of interest in viral research because it is often the target of viruses. Neurological infections can result in consequences in the CNS, which can result in death or lifelong sequelae. Organoids modeling the CNS are notable because they are derived from stem cells that differentiate into specific brain cells such as neural progenitors, neurons, astrocytes, and glial cells. Numerous protocols have been developed for the generation of CNS organoids, and our goal was to describe the various CNS organoid models available for viral pathogenesis research to serve as a guide to determine which protocol might be appropriate based on research goal, timeframe, and budget. (2) Methods: Articles for this review were found in Pubmed, Scopus and EMBASE. The search terms used were "brain + organoid" and "CNS + organoid" (3) Results: There are two main methods for organoid generation, and the length of time for organoid generation varied from 28 days to over 2 months. The costs for generating a population of organoids ranged from USD 1000 to 5000. (4) Conclusions: There are numerous methods for generating organoids representing multiple regions of the brain, with several types of modifications for fine-tuning the model to a researcher's specifications. Organoid models of the CNS can serve as a platform for characterization and mechanistic studies that can reduce or eliminate the use of animals, especially for viruses that only cause disease in the human CNS.

Indexed as

brainbrain organoid generationbrain organoid modelsorganoidspathogenesisvirus

Identifiers

PMID34832665
PMCPMC8625030
OpenAlexW3217039359

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.