ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Short- and Long-Term Immunological Responses in Chronic HCV/HIV Co-Infected Compared to HCV Mono-Infected Patients after DAA Therapy.
Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cure of chronic hepatitis C virus infection after DAA treatment only partially restores the functional capacity of exhausted T cell subsets: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Direct-Acting Antivirals Quickly Eradicate Hepatitis C Virus From the Liver in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus but Do Not Fully Reverse Immune Activation.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Impact of HCV cure on systemic inflammation and bone density, quality, and turnover.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Clinical Applications and Therapeutic Mechanisms of Chinese Herbal Medicine Yiaikang Capsules in Treating Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Review
- Traditional Chinese medicine for HIV-related chronic comorbidities: evidence and potential therapeutic mechanisms.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Changes in Inflammatory Cytokines After Chronic Hepatitis C Treatment Among People Living With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Low plasma levels of BTLA and LAG-3 before HCV therapy are associated with metabolic disorders after HCV eradication in persons with HIV/HCV coinfection: a retrospective study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- HIV-1-Host Interaction in Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT): Effects on Local Environment and Comorbidities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Gamma-Delta T-Cell Phenotype and Function in DAA-Treated HIV-HCV Co-Infected and HCV-Mono-Infected Subjects.Viruses · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDirect-acting antivirals (DAAs) treatment, although highly efficacious for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, may not completely reconstitute the HCV-mediated dysregulated immune system, especially in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and HCV.
objectivesWe aimed to evaluate the impact of HCV eradication following DAA therapy on the immune system and liver disease improvement through comparative monitoring of 10 HCV mono-infected and 10 HCV/HIV co-infected patients under combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). Early and late longitudinal phenotypic changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) subsets, T-cell activation, differentiation and exhaustion, as well as inflammatory biomarkers, indoleamine 2-3 dioxygenase (IDO) activity, and liver stiffness, APRI and FIB-4 scores were assessed. MATERIALS AND
methodsSamples were obtained at baseline (T0), week 1 (T1), week 2 (T2), week 12 (T3, end of treatment, EOT), and month 9 (T4, end of follow-up, 36 weeks post EOT).
resultsAll patients achieved a sustained virological response (SVR 12) after DAA treatment. Overall, changes of the T-cell immune phenotypes were greater in HCV/HIV co-infected than in HCV mono-infected, due to an increase in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell percentages and of CD8+ T-cell activation and memory markers, in particular at the end of follow-up. On the other end, HCV mono-infected showed changes in the activation profile and in the memory CD4+ T-cell compartment. In HCV/HIV co-infected, a decrease in the IDO activity by DAA treatment was observed; conversely, in HCV mono-infected, it resulted unmodified. Regarding inflammatory mediators, viral suppression was associated with a reduction in IP-10 levels, while interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-7, interferon (IFN)-β, and interferon (IFN)-γ levels were downregulated during therapy and increased post therapy. A decrease in liver stiffness, APRI, and FIB-4 scores was also observed.
conclusionsOur study suggests that, although patients achieved HCV eradication, the immune activation state in both HCV mono-infected and HCV/HIV co-infected patients remains elevated for a long time after the end of DAA therapy, despite an improvement of liver-specific outcomes, meanwhile highlighting the distinct immunophenotypic and inflammatory biomarker profile between the groups of patients.
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