ReviewCells2021
Macrophage Reprogramming and Cancer Therapeutics: Role of iNOS-Derived NO.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 135 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
135 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 205 citations in OpenAlex.
- The microbiome-nitric oxide axis in cancer immunotherapy: a targeted qualitative systematic review of mechanistic and translational evidence.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Non-Coding RNAs Implicated in the Tumor Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer: Roles, Mechanisms and Clinical Study.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Preoperative fractional exhaled nitric oxide in differentiating pulmonary nodules and pathological examination of non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Sulfated galactans fromiScience · 2026Article
- Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction, Structural Characterization, and Bioactivities of Polysaccharides fromAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Antitumoral activities of λ‑carrageenan oligosaccharide- based nanoparticles.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- CSF1R inhibitor C19 for glioma immunotherapy enabled by brain-targeting liposomal delivery.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Bidirectional crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor immunity: shaping the microenvironment and response to immune checkpoint therapy.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Mature-StageInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Influence of Basic Therapy and New Drugs on NO-Dependent Mechanisms of Cardiac Destruction in Chronic Heart Failure.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Therapeutic targeting of RAGE/STAT3 signaling abrogates S100A7-driven breast tumorigenicity and immune suppression.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Respiratory syncytial virus-induced SIGLEC1 upregulation inhibits macrophage autophagy and facilitates inflammatory mediator secretion.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Article
- [Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Low-dose radiotherapy remodels the tumor immune microenvironment via the cGAS-STING pathway: mechanisms, challenges, and combination therapy strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- <p>Tumor microenvironment in bone sarcomas: Implications for immunotherapy and emerging therapeutic vulnerabilities (Review)</p>.Oncology reports · 2026Review
- A comprehensive examination of the impact of environmental pollution on lung cancer: A review.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Excretion-Secretion Products ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Clerodane diterpenoid glycosides from the tuberous roots of Paratinospora sagittata: targeted isolation, structure characterization and immunomodulatory properties.Natural products and bioprospecting · 2026Article
- Alfalfa Polysaccharide Improves Rabbit Growth by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Suppressing Inflammation Through PPARγ/NF-κB Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
75 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Nitric oxide and its production by iNOS is an established mechanism critical to tumor promotion or suppression. Macrophages have important roles in immunity, development, and progression of cancer and have a controversial role in pro- and antitumoral effects. The tumor microenvironment consists of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), among other cell types that influence the fate of the growing tumor. Depending on the microenvironment and various cues, macrophages polarize into a continuum represented by the M1-like pro-inflammatory phenotype or the anti-inflammatory M2-like phenotype; these two are predominant, while there are subsets and intermediates. Manipulating their plasticity through programming or reprogramming of M2-like to M1-like phenotypes presents the opportunity to maximize tumoricidal defenses. The dual role of iNOS-derived NO also influences TAM activity by repolarization to tumoricidal M1-type phenotype. Regulatory pathways and immunomodulation achieve this through miRNA that may inhibit the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes the classical physiology of macrophages and polarization, iNOS activities, and evidence towards TAM reprogramming with current information in glioblastoma and melanoma models, and the immunomodulatory and therapeutic options using iNOS or NO-dependent strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.