ArticleCancers2021
Soluble PD-L1 in Serum and Urine in Urinary Bladder Cancer Patients.
Article in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Human biomarker navigator.iMeta · 2026Review
- Matrix Type Influences the Levels of Soluble Immune Checkpoints.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2026Article
- Soluble PD-L1: From Immune Evasion to Cancer Therapy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Liquid-Based Diagnostic Panels for Prostate Cancer: The Synergistic Role of Soluble PD-L1, PD-1, and mRNA Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Immune snapshots along the inflammation-to-cancer road in bladder urothelium.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Urine PD-L1 as a non-invasive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in bladder cancer.Advances in biomarker sciences and technology · 2025Article
- A tumor targeted nano micelle carrying astragaloside IV for combination treatment of bladder cancer.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Feasibility and Diagnostic Adequacy of PD-L1 Expression Analysis Using the Cytoinclusion Technique in Bladder Cancer: A Prospective Single-Center Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Release of Exosomal PD-L1 in Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Its Relationship to Radiotherapy.Cancers · 2024Article
- Soluble immune checkpoints: implications for cancer prognosis and response to immune checkpoint therapy and conventional therapies.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Review
- Alix-normalized exosomal programmed death-ligand 1 analysis in urine enables precision monitoring of urothelial cancer.Cancer science · 2024Article
- PD-L1 as a Urine Biomarker in Renal Cell Carcinoma-A Case Series and Proof-of-Concept Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prognostic significance of soluble PD-L1 in prostate cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The Role of Checkpoint Inhibitor Expression Directly on Exfoliated Cells from Bladder Cancer: A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Does Elevated Pre-Treatment Plasma PD-L1 Level Indicate an Increased Tumor Burden and Worse Prognosis in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer?Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Programmed Cell Death-Ligand-1 expression in Bladder Schistosomal Squamous Cell Carcinoma -Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Biological Characteristics and Clinical Significance of Soluble PD-1/PD-L1 and Exosomal PD-L1 in Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) levels have been identified as a potential biomarker for various cancers, but its diagnostic and prognostic value in urinary bladder cancer (BC) remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated sPD-L1 levels in serum and urine samples from 132 patients with BC and compared them to 51 patients with hematuria (controls). The levels of sPD-L1 in serum and urine were determined using ELISA. Soluble PD-L1 could be detected in 99.5% of the serum samples and 34.4% of the urine samples. Patients diagnosed with BC had significantly higher urinary levels of sPD-L1, compared to controls, however no difference were found in serum sPD-L1 levels (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.