ReviewCancers2021
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Comprehensive Review.
Review in Cancers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Journey: From Early Promise to Lasting Impact.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2026Review
- Article
- Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Occurring One Year Before Acute Leukemic Manifestation of Lymphoma with a Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Immunophenotype.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- MAGa: Monoclonal Autoimmune Gammopathies.Cancers · 2026Review
- Review
- Treatment of Cold Agglutinin Syndrome Secondary to Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia With Sutimlimab and Obinutuzumab-Venetoclax.Case reports in hematology · 2026Article
- [Rare cause of pure white cell aplasia (PWCA) in a 76-year-old male patient].Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Nanomechanical and Thermodynamic Alterations of Red Blood Cells in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Implications for Disease and Treatment Monitoring.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Immunosenescence: Shaping the Hematological Narrative in the Era of Aging.Aging and disease · 2025Review
- Prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in autoimmune hemolytic anemia patients based on coombs test results.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- [Efficacy and safety of zanubrutinib in treating refractory/relapsed warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2025Article
- Beneath the surface in autoimmune hemolytic anemia: pathogenetic networks, therapeutic advancements and open questions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Clinical and laboratory profile of patients with positive direct antiglobulin test attended at a university hospital in Goias, Brazil.Hematology, transfusion and cell therapy · 2024Article
- Coexistence of Monoclonal Gammopathy and Hemolysis in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Unveiling a Rare Case.Cureus · 2024Article
- Relapsed/refractory pure red cell aplasia in chronic lymphocytic leukemia successfully treated with acalabrutinib: a case report and review of the literature.Therapeutic advances in hematology · 2024Article
- A Peculiar CLL Case with Complex Chromosome 6 Rearrangements and Refinement of All Breakpoints at the Gene Level by Genomic Array: A Case Report.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Following Uncomplicated Spinal Surgery: A Report and Brief Review.Cureus · 2023Article
- Post-infantile Giant Cell Hepatitis: A Literature Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of clinical and translational pathology · 2022Article
- Spectrum of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Anemias: Results From a Single Center, Early-Phase Clinical Trials Case Series Experience.Journal of hematology · 2022Article
- Bruton's Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Immunological Diseases: Current Status and Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients have a greater predisposition to develop autoimmune complications. The most common of them is autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) with a frequency of 7-10% of cases. Pathogenesis is multifactorial involving humoral, cellular, and innate immunity. CLL B-cells have damaged apoptosis, produce less immunoglobulins, and could be responsible for antigen presentation and releasing inflammatory cytokines. CLL B-cells can act similar to antigen-presenting cells activating self-reactive T helper cells and may induce T-cell subsets imbalance, favoring autoreactive B-cells which produce anti-red blood cells autoantibodies. Treatment is individualized and it depends on the presence and severity of clinical symptoms, disease status, and comorbidities. Corticosteroids are the standardized first-line treatment; second-line treatment comprises rituximab. Patients not responding to corticosteroids and rituximab should be treated with CLL-specific drugs as per current guidelines according to age and comorbidities. New targeted drugs (BTK inhibitors and anti BCL2) are recently used after or together with steroids to manage AIHA. In the case of cold agglutinin disease, rituximab is preferred, because steroids are ineffective. Management must combine supportive therapies, including vitamins; antibiotics and heparin prophylaxis are indicated in order to minimize infectious and thrombotic risk.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.