ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Controlled Transdermal Iontophoresis of Insulin from Water-Soluble Polypyrrole Nanoparticles: An In Vitro Study.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transdermal Iontophoresis Insulin in Laboratory Animals: A Systematic Review.Iranian biomedical journal · 2025Pooled it
- Skin Barrier-Informed Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery: Excipient-Driven Strategies, Vehicle Transformation, and Translational Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Tuning polyaniline doped with poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PANI : PSS) as a nano-drug carrier for insulin delivery.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Review
- Controlled transdermal delivery of oxycodone by pulsed iontophoresis: In vitro and in vivo evaluations.Therapeutic delivery · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Nanotechnology-Mediated Noninvasive Transdermal and Topical Delivery of Proteins.Small science · 2024Article
- Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as an insulin carrier in silk fibroin hydrogels for transdermal deliveryRSC advances · 2024Article
- Iontophoretically controlled insulin delivery via water-soluble conductive polymer PANI:PSS and thermoplastic polyurethane matrix.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Article
- Enhanced transdermal insulin basal release from silk fibroin (SF) hydrogels via iontophoresis.Drug delivery · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The iontophoresis delivery of insulin (INS) remains a serious challenge due to the low permeability of the drug through the skin. This work aims to investigate the potential of water-soluble polypyrrole nanoparticles (WS-PPyNPs) as a drug donor matrix for controlled transdermal iontophoresis of INS. WS-PPyNPs have been prepared via a simple chemical polymerization in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as both dopant and the stabilizing agent. The synthesis of the soluble polymer was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), fluorescence spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The loading mechanism of INS onto the WS-PPyNPs is based on the fact that the drug molecules can be replaced with doped dodecyl sulfate. A two-compartment Franz-type diffusion cell was employed to study the effect of current density, formulation pH, INS concentration, and sodium chloride concentration on anodal iontophoresis (AIP) and cathodal iontophoresis (CIP) of INS across the rat skin. Both AIP and CIP delivery of INS using WS-PPyNPs were significantly increased compared to passive delivery. Furthermore, while the AIP experiment (60 min at 0.13 mA cm
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.