ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Human Epidermal Zinc Concentrations after Topical Application of ZnO Nanoparticles in Sunscreens.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Experimental and molecular dynamics investigation of ZnO nanoparticle size effects on sunscreen performance and skin-lipid interactions.Journal of molecular modeling · 2026Article
- Metal oxide nanoparticles for acne vulgaris: mechanisms, synthesis, formulation, and translational prospects.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Revolutionizing Sun Protection: Emerging Nanotechnologies Shaping the Future of Sunscreens.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- Unveiling the potential of inorganic nanoparticle-based scaffolds in wound healing: advances in antimicrobial and regenerative strategies.Nanoscale advances · 2026Review
- Skin Microbiome, Nanotoxicology, and Regulatory Gaps: Chronic Cosmetic Exposure and Skin Barrier Dysfunction-A Systematic Review.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Nanostructure-Engineered Optical and Electrochemical Biosensing Toward Food Safety Assurance.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Topical gel formulations as potential dermal delivery carriers for green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
- ZnO nanoparticles induce acute arrhythmia and heart failure in mice by disturbing cardiac ion channels.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Cu-ZnO Embedded in a Polydopamine Shell for the Generation of Antibacterial Surgical Face Masks.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Advancements in the Synthesis and Functionalization of Zinc Oxide-Based Nanomaterials for Enhanced Oral Cancer Therapy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Toxicokinetics, Tissue Distribution for Various Exposure Routes, Toxicological Effects, Toxicity Mechanism in Mammals, and an Approach for Toxicity Reduction.Biological trace element research · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NP)-based sunscreens are generally considered safe because the ZnO NPs do not penetrate through the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC). However, cytotoxicity of zinc ions in the viable epidermis (VE) after dissolution from ZnO NP and penetration into the VE is ill-defined. We therefore quantified the relative concentrations of endogenous and exogenous Zn using a rare stable zinc-67 isotope (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.