ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Immune Tolerance in the Oral Mucosa.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Niche-specific immune and microbial signatures across the healthy upper respiratory tract mucosa.iScience · 2026Article
- Immunological Microenvironment Diversity in Homogeneous and Non-Homogeneous Oral Leukoplakia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Oral Barrier Immunometabolism in Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation: Molecular Mechanisms and Systemic Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Heavy Metal-Driven Oral Dysbiosis: Salivary Toxicometallomics at the Host-Microbiome Interface Across Pathologies.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic evidence of CD8⁺ T-cell exhaustion-like phenotype and mitochondrial impairment underlying immune dysregulation in feline chronic gingivostomatitis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Inflammatory gene expression profile of oral plasmablastic lymphoma.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Tissue-specific inflammation induces cell state plasticity with oncogenic addiction in mucosal melanoma.Science advances · 2026Article
- Bovine Lactoferrin Modulates Mononuclear Cell Activity in Human Palatine Tonsils.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A spatial-microbial-metabolic-immune framework for high-risk oral potentially malignant disorders: an evidence-ranked review for malignant transformation risk stratification.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Host-microbiome-immune disequilibrium in oral disease: mechanisms, dysbiosis, and precision therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Association between childhood tonsillectomy and increased risk of autoimmune disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Remodeling mechanisms and intervention strategies of the oral mucosal immune barrier.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Premastication-Review of an Infant Feeding Practice and Its Potential Impact on Allergy and Microbiome Development.Allergy · 2025Review
- Similarity to Self-Antigens Shapes Epitope Recognition from Viruses Under Autoimmune and Infectious Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Immunological Control of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection: A Non-Thermal Plasma-Based Approach.Viruses · 2025Review
- Natural and induced immune responses in oral cavity and saliva.BMC immunology · 2025Review
- HIV-Associated Dermatological Alterations: Barrier Dysfunction, Immune Impairment, and Microbiome Changes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- An in vitro model demonstrating homeostatic interactions between reconstructed human gingiva and a saliva-derived multispecies biofilm.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Potential applications and mechanisms of natural products in mucosal-related diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- A user's guide to designing efficient and safe mucosal vaccines: Challenges & potentials.Oxford open immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The oral mucosa is a site of intense immune activity, where a large variety of immune cells meet to provide a first line of defense against pathogenic organisms. Interestingly, the oral mucosa is exposed to a plethora of antigens from food and commensal bacteria that must be tolerated. The mechanisms that enable this tolerance are not yet fully defined. Many works have focused on active immune mechanisms involving dendritic and regulatory T cells. However, epithelial cells also make a major contribution to tolerance by influencing both innate and adaptive immunity. Therefore, the tolerogenic mechanisms concurring in the oral mucosa are intertwined. Here, we review them systematically, paying special attention to the role of oral epithelial cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.