ArticleBiomedicines2021
Pre-Existing Humoral Immunological Memory Is Retained in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Cladribine Therapy.
Article in Biomedicines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Effects of cladribine on intrathecal and peripheral B and plasma cells.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
- Long-term impact of oral cladribine on humoral immunity in multiple sclerosis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- Cladribine Tablets Mode of Action, Learning from the Pandemic: A Narrative Review.Neurology and therapy · 2023Review
- Expert Narrative Review of the Safety of Cladribine Tablets for the Management of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology and therapy · 2023Review
- Humoral Response to SARS-CoV-2 Antigen in Patients Treated with Monoclonal Anti-CD20 Antibodies: It Is Not All about B Cell Recovery.Neurology international · 2022Article
- Real-world evidence for cladribine tablets in multiple sclerosis: further insights into efficacy and safety.Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2022Review
- Recall response to COVID-19 antigen is preserved in people with multiple sclerosis on anti-CD20 medications - A pilot study.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cladribine (CLAD) is a lymphodepleting agent approved for active relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). The impact of CLAD on the adaptive humoral immune system has not sufficiently been studied. This study aimed to assess the influence of CLAD treatment on specific antibody titers to common pathogens. We included 18 MS patients treated with CLAD. Serum IgG antibody levels to measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis B and varicella zoster virus (VZV), as well as diphtheria and tetanus toxins, were measured prior to the initiation of treatment and at 12 and 24 months after first CLAD administration. Moreover, specimens were longitudinally analyzed regarding absolute blood concentrations of IgG and main lymphocyte subsets. No reduction in antibody levels against measles, mumps, rubella, VZV, hepatitis B, diphtheria toxin and tetanus toxin associated with CLAD treatment was observed. Loss of seroprotection occurred in <1%. We found no significant impact of CLAD on absolute serum IgG levels. Absolute lymphocyte counts were significantly reduced at the end of each treatment year (
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.