ArticleAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Plasma Glutathione Levels Decreased with Cognitive Decline among People with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): A Two-Year Prospective Study.
Article in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Endogenous antioxidants predicted outcome and increased after treatment: A benzoate dose-finding, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial for Alzheimer's disease.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2023Trial
- Bypassing the bottleneck: Gamma-glutamylcysteine supplementation for brain glutathione enrichment in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Article
- Therapeutic potential ofFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Investigating the oxidative stress-vascular brain injury axis in mild cognitive impairment of the Alzheimer's type.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Glutathione and neurodegenerative diseases: immunopharmacological implications.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Blood Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Differential Impacts of Endogenous Antioxidants on Clinical Symptoms and Cognitive Function in Acute and Chronic Schizophrenia Patients.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Review
- Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants against Alzheimer's Disease: Prevention, Diagnosis and Therapy.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Precious but convenient means of prevention and treatment: physiological molecular mechanisms of interaction between exercise and motor factors and Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is a major endogenous antioxidant. Several studies have shown GSH redox imbalance and altered GSH levels in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Early detection is crucial for the outcome of AD. However, whether GSH can serve as a biomarker during the very early-phase of AD, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), remains unknown. The current prospective study aimed to examine the longitudinal change in plasma GSH concentration and its influence on cognitive decline in MCI. Overall, 49 patients with MCI and 16 healthy individuals were recruited. Plasma GSH levels and cognitive function, measured by the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and Alzheimer's disease assessment scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), were monitored every 6 months. We employed multiple regressions to examine the role of GSH level in cognitive decline in the 2 years period. The MCI patients showed significant decline in plasma GSH levels and cognitive function from baseline to endpoint (month 24). In comparison, the healthy individuals' GSH concentration and cognitive function did not change significantly. Further, both GSH level at baseline and GSH level change from baseline to endpoint significantly influenced cognitive decline among the MCI patients. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that both plasma GSH levels and cognitive function declined 2 years later among the MCI patients in a prospective manner. If replicated by future studies, blood GSH concentration may be regarded as a biomarker for monitoring cognitive change in MCI.
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