ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Physical Activity in Polluted Air-Net Benefit or Harm to Cardiovascular Health? A Comprehensive Review.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physical Activity, Air Pollution, and Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2025Pooled it
- Air pollution and adverse birth outcomes: a narrative review of epidemiological and mechanistic findings.Journal of environmental health science & engineering · 2026Review
- Associations between carbon monoxide exposure, physical activity, and outdoor play preferences among UK children: evidence from the millennium cohort study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Exercise in Sickle Cell Disease: The Impact on Pathophysiology and Clinical Symptoms.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Spatial analysis of physical activity and ambient air pollution in Kuwait: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Ambient fine particulate matter exposure influences oxidative stress and glucocorticoid concentrations in captive Asian elephants in Thailand.Conservation physiology · 2026Article
- Physical activity and polluted air: implications for COPD prevention and policy.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: mechanisms, evidence, and mitigation strategies.Journal of medicine and life · 2025Review
- Air Pollution and Endurance Exercise: A Systematic Review of the Potential Effects on Cardiopulmonary Health.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Fine particulate matter, physical activity and cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.BMJ open sport & exercise medicine · 2025Article
- Effects of physical exercise on cardio-respiratory health of young adults during short-term exposure to varying air pollution levels.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Exercise-Mediated Protection against Air Pollution-Induced Immune Damage: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Future Directions.Biology · 2024Review
- Burden of Disease Due to Air Pollution in Afghanistan-Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Enhancing cardiovascular patients' knowledge of air pollution: a pilot study evaluating the impact of an educational intervention in cardiac rehabilitation.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2024Article
- Vascular Redox Signaling, Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Uncoupling, and Endothelial Dysfunction in the Setting of Transportation Noise Exposure or Chronic Treatment with Organic Nitrates.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2023Review
- Long-term exposure to ambient PMThe Lancet. Planetary health · 2023Article
- From the armchair to contemporary cardiac rehabilitation: the remarkable ongoing journey of exercise training in ischemic heart disease.Porto biomedical journalReview
- Does Exercise Overcome Pollution? Why Physical Activity is Still Our Best Medicine.Open respiratory archivesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Both exposure to higher levels of polluted air and physical inactivity are crucial risk factors for the development and progression of major noncommunicable diseases and, in particular, of cardiovascular disease. In this context, the World Health Organization estimated 4.2 and 3.2 million global deaths per year in response to ambient air pollution and insufficient physical activity, respectively. While regular physical activity is well known to improve general health, it may also increase the uptake and deposit of air pollutants in the lungs/airways and circulation, due to increased breathing frequency and minute ventilation, thus increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Thus, determining the tradeoff between the health benefits of physical activity and the potential harmful effects of increased exposure to air pollution during physical activity has important public health consequences. In the present comprehensive review, we analyzed evidence from human and animal studies on the combined effects of physical activity and air pollution on cardiovascular and other health outcomes. We further report on pathophysiological mechanisms underlying air pollution exposure, as well as the protective effects of physical activity with a focus on oxidative stress and inflammation. Lastly, we provide mitigation strategies and practical recommendations for physical activity in areas with polluted air.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.