Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34828385›Full record

ReviewGenes2021

Impact of G-Quadruplexes and Chronic Inflammation on Genome Instability: Additive Effects during Carcinogenesis.

MaryElizabeth Stein, Kristin A Eckert

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Genes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

MaryElizabeth SteinDepartment of Pathology, The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
Kristin A EckertDepartment of Pathology, The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
Hershey (United States) · US

Funding

Pro-tumorigenic functions of human DNA polymerases eta and kappa during genome duplication under physiological replication stress conditionsR01CA237153 · NCI · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR · PI ECKERT, KRISTIN A · 2019 to 2023
$2.6M
The impact of G-quadruplexes on genome evolutionR01GM136684 · NIGMS · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE · PI MAKOVA, KATERYNA · 2021 to 2023
$1.7M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA237153NIH HHS R01 GM136684
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genome instability is an enabling characteristic of cancer, essential for cancer cell evolution. Hotspots of genome instability, from small-scale point mutations to large-scale structural variants, are associated with sequences that potentially form non-B DNA structures. G-quadruplex (G4) forming motifs are enriched at structural variant endpoints in cancer genomes. Chronic inflammation is a physiological state underlying cancer development, and oxidative DNA damage is commonly invoked to explain how inflammation promotes genome instability. We summarize where G4s and oxidative stress overlap, with a focus on DNA replication. Guanine has low ionization potential, making G4s vulnerable to oxidative damage. Impacts to G4 structure are dependent upon lesion type, location, and G4 conformation. Occasionally, G4s pose a challenge to replicative DNA polymerases, requiring specialized DNA polymerases to maintain genome stability. Therefore, chronic inflammation creates a dual challenge for DNA polymerases to maintain genome stability: faithful G4 synthesis and bypassing unrepaired oxidative lesions. Inflammation is also accompanied by global transcriptome changes that may impact mutagenesis. Several studies suggest a regulatory role for G4s within cancer- and inflammatory-related gene promoters. We discuss the extent to which inflammation could influence gene regulation by G4s, thereby impacting genome instability, and highlight key areas for new investigation.

Indexed as

CarcinogenesisDNA, NeoplasmGenomic InstabilityG-QuadruplexesHumansInflammationOxidative StressPromoter Regions, GeneticDNA, NeoplasmDNA polymerasesgenome instabilityG-quadruplexoxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID34828385
PMCPMC8619830
OpenAlexW3211568507

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.