ReviewAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2021
Current Advances in Assessment of Dog's Emotions, Facial Expressions, and Their Use for Clinical Recognition of Pain.
Review in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artificial Intelligence-Based Decoding of Animal Micro-Expressions: A Review of Methodological Advances and Translational Applications.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Beyond Domestication: Occurrence of Levator Anguli Oculi Medialis and Retractor Anguli Oculi Lateralis in Four Neotropical Canid Species.Anatomia, histologia, embryologia · 2026Article
- Implications of stress for animal welfare and animal-based researchLaboratory animals · 2026Review
- The Complexity of Communication in Mammals: From Social and Emotional Mechanisms to Human Influence and Multimodal Applications.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the inter-examiner reliability of myofascial trigger point identification in dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- The efficacy of a novel COFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Analysis of human-oriented facial signals of the domestic dog using eye tracker technology.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- When touch is stressful: acute endocrine and behavioral responses of domestic rabbits to unfamiliar human handling.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Investigating the capabilities of large vision language models in dog emotion recognition.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Automated analysis of emotional expressions in dogs based on geometric morphometrics.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dog facial landmarks detection and its applications for facial analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Continuous automated analysis of facial dynamics of brachycephalic and normocephalic dogs in different contexts.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Generative AI Meets Animal Welfare: Evaluating GPT-4 for Pet Emotion Detection.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- If you blink at me, I'll blink back. Domestic dogs' feedback to conspecific visual cues.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Enhancing equine welfare: a qualitative study on the impact of RAiSE (Recognizing Affective States in Equine) as an educational tool.Translational animal science · 2025Article
- How facial expressions reveal acute pain in domestic animals with facial pain scales as a diagnostic tool.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- The neurobiological basis of emotions and their connection to facial expressions in non-human mammals: insights in nonverbal communication.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Detection of maladaptive pain in dogs referred for behavioral complaints: challenges and opportunities.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Digitalising behavioural data collection through cloud-based technology in veterinary science and beyond.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Assessment of acute and chronic pain in canine internal medicine-what is missing in our diagnostic toolbox?Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Animals' facial expressions are involuntary responses that serve to communicate the emotions that individuals feel. Due to their close co-existence with humans, broad attention has been given to identifying these expressions in certain species, especially dogs. This review aims to analyze and discuss the advances in identifying the facial expressions of domestic dogs and their clinical utility in recognizing pain as a method to improve daily practice and, in an accessible and effective way, assess the health outcome of dogs. This study focuses on aspects related to the anatomy and physiology of facial expressions in dogs, their emotions, and evaluations of their eyebrows, eyes, lips, and ear positions as changes that reflect pain or nociception. In this regard, research has found that dogs have anatomical configurations that allow them to generate changes in their expressions that similar canids-wolves, for example-cannot produce. Additionally, dogs can perceive emotions similar to those of their human tutors due to close human-animal interaction. This phenomenon-called "emotional contagion"-is triggered precisely by the dog's capacity to identify their owners' gestures and then react by emitting responses with either similar or opposed expressions that correspond to positive or negative stimuli, respectively. In conclusion, facial expressions are essential to maintaining social interaction between dogs and other species, as in their bond with humans. Moreover, this provides valuable information on emotions and the perception of pain, so in dogs, they can serve as valuable elements for recognizing and evaluating pain in clinical settings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.