ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2021
A Retrospective Study of Clinical and Histopathological Features of 81 Cases of Canine Apocrine Gland Adenocarcinoma of the Anal Sac: Independent Clinical and Histopathological Risk Factors Associated with Outcome.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- The microenvironment in canine mast cell tumors: association between tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia and histological grade.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Article
- PDGFRβ Expression Across Canine AGASAC Subtypes and Metastases: Morphologic Insights and Possible Therapeutic Implications.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Establishment of an experimental model of canine apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma organoid culture using a three-dimensional culture method.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Strong correlation of gene counts and differentially expressed genes between a 3' RNA-Seq and an RNA hybridization platform in transcriptome analyses from canine archival tissues.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- The Immune Contexture in Canine Anal Sac Adenocarcinoma: Immunohistochemical Quantification of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Tumor-Associated Macrophages with Image Analysis.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Is There Anything New in Canine AGASACA?Veterinary sciences · 2024Review
- Molecular Biology of Cancer-Interplay of Malignant Cells with Emerging Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Immunohistochemical Expression of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 and Ki67 in Apocrine Gland Anal Sac Adenocarcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Ultrasound Morphology of Presumed Normal Anal Sacs in Dogs and Cats.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Case report: Clitoral adenocarcinoma in a mixed-breed female dog.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Canine apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma (AGASAC) is a malignant tumour with variable clinical progression. The objective of this study was to use robust multivariate models, based on models employed in human medical oncology, to establish clinical and histopathological risk factors of poor survival. Clinical data and imaging of 81 cases with AGASAC were reviewed. Tissue was available for histological review and immunohistochemistry in 49 cases. Tumour and lymph node size were determined using the response evaluation criteria in the solid tumours system (RECIST). Modelling revealed tumour size over 2 cm, lymph node size grouped in three tiers by the two thresholds 1.6 cm and 5 cm, surgical management, and radiotherapy were independent clinical variables associated with survival, irrespective of tumour stage. Tumour size over 1.3 cm and presence of distant metastasis were independent clinical variables associated with the first progression-free interval. The presence of the histopathological variables of tumour necrosis, a solid histological pattern, and vascular invasion in the primary tumour were independent risk factors of poor survival. Based upon these independent risk factors, scoring algorithms to predict survival in AGASAC patients are presented.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.